针对儿童和成年人的多式联络语言的沟通效率
Beata Grzyb1, Stefan L Frank2, Gabriella Vigliocco1
1Department of Experimental Psychology, University College London.
Journal of experimental psychology. General
|June 6, 2024
概括
扬声器调整发音和手势以改善沟通并减少努力,特别是对于不可预测的单词. 这些多式联运调整适用于儿童和成人.
科学领域:
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 沟通研究 沟通研究
背景情况:
- 人类沟通依赖于语音和手势通道的多式调整.
- 演讲者在面对面的互动过程中动态修改语音速率和手势.
- 这些动态调整在沟通成功和认知努力中的功能作用仍在研究中.
研究的目的:
- 调查说话者是否动态调整语音和手势交流以提高沟通成功并减少认知努力.
- 检查是否词语可预测性,作为惊喜运行,影响声 (词语持续时间) 和手势 (标志性手势) 调整.
- 为了确定这些影响是否在成人-儿童和成人-成人沟通之间有所不同.
主要方法:
- 对自然主义成年人-儿童 (3-4岁) 和成年人-成年人互动的新型语料库 (生态语言语料库) 的分析.
- 使用在儿童指导和成人指导的 corpora.上训练的计算语言模型计算词语惊喜的计算.
- 评估词语惊喜和词语持续时间和标志性手势制作的调制之间的相关性.
主要成果:
- 单词惊喜在很大程度上预测了扬声器在语音和手势通道上的多式调整.
- 一些调整是根据理解者的年龄 (儿童与成人) 调整的.
- 沟通效率跨越语音和手势模式,不仅限于语言结构或语音模式.
结论:
- 扬声器根据单词可预测性动态调整多式联络,以优化沟通效率.
- 这些发现凸显了沟通效率原则在语音和手势道的普遍适用性.
- 这项研究提供了证据,证明了surprisal在调节沟通的口语和手势方面的作用.
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