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哺乳动物脂肪组织热生成的两阶段演变

Susanne Keipert¹, Michael J Gaudry¹, Maria Kutschke¹

¹Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|June 6, 2024

概括

哺乳动物棕色脂肪组织 (BAT) 的热生成发生在两个阶段. 在有袋动物中的非热源性UCP1变体表明,这种功能是在有袋动物从eutherian哺乳动物分离后出现的.

科学领域:

进化生物学
哺乳动物生理学
分子生物学

背景情况:

棕色脂肪组织 (BAT) 是哺乳动物中一个关键的热生成器官,在寒冷压力期间维持体温至关重要.
脱蛋白1 (UCP1) 的表达是BAT热生成功能的核心.
哺乳动物BAT热生成的进化起源在很大程度上是未知的.

研究的目的:

在哺乳动物中研究棕色脂肪组织 (BAT) 热生成的进化史.
确定解蛋白1 (UCP1) 的祖先功能及其在热生成中的作用.
阐明与袋鼠和鼠差异相关的BAT热生成的进化时间表.

主要方法:

在有袋动物和类哺乳动物中对UCP1序列和脂肪组织转录组进行比较分析.
重建祖先的UCP1序列以评估祖先的功能
在有袋动物脂肪组织中分析与BAT相关的转录学特征.

主要成果:

marsupial 脂肪组织表达一种非热生成的 UCP1 变体,其 BAT 部分特征类似于 eutherian 色脂肪组织.
重建的常见eutherian祖先UCP1表现出热生成活性,而therian祖先UCP1则非热生成性.
这表明哺乳动物脂肪组织热生成有两个阶段.

结论:

哺乳动物脂肪组织热生成可能在两个不同的阶段进化.
在常见的类祖先中,一种前热原体阶段将UCP1表达与脂肪组织和热应激联系起来.
在从有袋动物分离后,UCP1的热生成功能特别获得,标志着BAT热生成的开始.

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