在特拉诺瓦湾 (南极洲) 殖民塑料基板的生物膜的结构性质和微生物多样性
Maria Papale1, Stefano Fazi2, Maila Severini3
1Institute of Polar Sciences, National Research Council (CNR-ISP), Spianata S. Raineri 86, 98122 Messina, Italy.
The Science of the total environment
|June 6, 2024
概括
这项研究探讨了南极的塑料生物膜,随着时间的推移,在PVC和PE上揭示了不同的微生物群落. 生物膜的生长在可能受影响的海湾加速,这表明了开创性的社区效应.
科学领域:
- 海洋微生物学 海洋微生物学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 聚合物科学 聚合物科学
背景情况:
- 塑料上的微生物殖民已知,但南极环境中的时间生物膜动力学仍然在很大程度上未被研究.
- 了解南极海洋生物膜对于评估极地地区塑料污染影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究罗斯海中聚乙烯 (PVC) 和聚乙烯 (PE) 上的生物膜的结构特征和微生物多样性.
- 对塑料基板上的微生物群落在3,9和12个月的时间顺序进行分析.
- 为了比较不同深度 (5米和20米) 的生物膜社区,并确定影响其发展的因素.
主要方法:
- 沉浸的PVC和PE面板在3,9个月和12个月后从罗斯海的四个沿海地点收集.
- 使用FTIR-ATR和表面增强拉曼散射 (SERS) 光谱学的化学表征.
- 通过催化报告器沉积光在现场混合 (CARD-FISH),共聚焦激光扫描显微镜 (CLSM) 和16S rRNA基因测序进行细菌社区分析.
主要成果:
- 在自由生活和生物膜社区之间观察到显著的差异,PVC上的生物膜比PE更有结构.
- 频谱分析显示PVC生物膜中的氨酸,多糖,核酸和脂质.
- Pseudomonadota (玛蛋白质细菌) 和阿尔法蛋白质细菌占主导地位. 12个月后在路湾发现了加速的生物膜生长和微生物丰富性,与未受影响的地点相比,在3个月后发现了更高的玛蛋白质细菌.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了对罗斯海塑料基板上的微生物社区动态和时间顺序的新见解.
- 这些发现突出了PVC和PE之间生物膜结构和组成的差异.
- 有证据表明,道路湾早期生物膜的发展可能会成为一个开拓性社区,刺激随后的冬季生长.
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