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在"不可检测=不可传播"的时代,与艾滋病毒相关的公众耻辱:香港的一项基于人口的研究

Leonia Hiu-Wan Lau¹, Man-Po Lee², Bonnie Chun-Kwan Wong³

¹School of Nursing, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong, China.

BMC public health

|June 6, 2024

概括

尽管生物医学取得了进展,但与艾滋病毒相关的耻辱依然存在. 香港的一项研究发现,三分之二的公众表现出中度至高的耻辱感,对未检测=未传播 (U=U) 和暴露前预防 (PrEP) 的认识较低,与更高的耻辱感水平有关.

科学领域:

公共卫生公共卫生
流行病学流行病学
社会科学社会科学社会科学

背景情况:

全球结束艾滋病毒流行病的努力依赖于生物医学的进步,如抗逆转录病毒疗法和暴露前预防 (PrEP).
然而,与艾滋病毒相关的耻辱仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题,可能会阻碍预防和治疗工作.
了解公众对关键艾滋病毒预防策略的认识和看法,对于解决污名化至关重要.

研究的目的:

评估公众对"无法检测=无法传播" (U=U) 和香港PrEP的认识和看法.
确定对艾滋病毒感染者 (PLWH) 的公众耻辱的模式.
确定亚太地区与艾滋病毒相关的耻辱感相关的因素.

主要方法:

在2023年3月10日至20日期间,在香港的成年人 (≥18岁) 中进行了基于人口的在线调查.
收集的数据包括社会人口统计数据,对U=U和PrEP的认识/感知,以及与艾滋病毒相关的耻辱驱动因素,经验和实践.
隐性类分析确定了耻辱概况,其中的子组与社会人口统计学因素以及使用多项逻辑回归的U=U/PrEP意识相关.

主要成果:

大多数3070名参与者 (69%为U=U,81%为PrEP) 从未听说过这些预防方法;只有39-40%的人认为它们是有效的.
鉴定了四个耻辱分组:"低耻辱" (37%),"适度耻辱" (24%),"中度耻辱" (24%) 和"高耻辱" (15%).
缺乏意识/对U=U/PrEP的负面看法以及不了解PLWH与更高的耻辱感有关. 教育水平较低,失业,年龄较大和女性性别也与增加的耻辱感有关.

结论:

三分之二的参与者表现出与艾滋病毒相关的轻微至高的耻辱感,这表明香港普通人口中艾滋病毒的流行率很高.
针对性干预的确定基于耻辱概况的不同子组是必不可少的.
针对特定的耻辱驱动因素和表现的定制策略对于有效的艾滋病毒耻辱减少至关重要.

关键词:

艾滋病病毒艾滋病病毒艾滋病病毒隐藏类分析隐藏类分析感染艾滋病毒的人.公众的污名化污名化.污名化是一种耻辱.

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