社会经济差异和抗菌素耐药性的流行情况
Lauren N Cooper1, Alaina M Beauchamp2, Tanvi A Ingle3
1Clinical Informatics Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
概括
抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 与社会经济因素有关. 高贫困地区显示AMR患病率增加,特别是针对特定的耐药细菌,这表明需要有针对性的干预措施.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 抗微生物药物耐药性 (AMR) 感染构成了严重的全球健康威胁,增加了发病率,死亡率和医疗保健成本.
- 抗菌耐药性的复杂驱动因素可能受到社会经济因素的影响.
- 本研究探讨了地理和社会经济因素与抗菌耐药性流行率之间的相互作用.
研究的目的:
- 检查地理位置,社会经济地位和抗菌素耐药性的流行程度之间的关系.
- 识别抗药耐药性的空间模式和与社会经济指数的相关性.
主要方法:
- 利用了2015-2020年患者细菌培养数据,在达拉斯 - 沃思堡大都市区的两个主要医疗保健系统.
- 地理编码患者住所地址,以将培养结果与区域剥夺指数 (ADI) 值联系起来.
- 采用空间自相关测试来检测AMR的地理聚类及其与社会经济因素的相关性.
主要成果:
- 确定了AMR有机体的显著集群在具有高贫困特征的地区,按ADI测量.
- 发现了ADI和AMR患病率之间的显著空间相关性,特别是在AmpCβ-lactamase和耐甲西林黄金葡萄球菌中.
- ADI分别解释了这些特定耐药生物体的流行率变化的14%和13%.
结论:
- 贫困指数较高的地区更有可能出现AMR有机体率的增加.
- 针对贫困,失业,医疗保健,拥挤和高流行地区的卫生设施的社会经济干预措施可能会缓解AMR的传播.
- 解决社会经济决定因素对于有效的抗药性控制策略至关重要.
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