导致非洲裔美国人早期死亡的因素,杰克逊心脏研究
Katherine C Brooks1, Mark J Ommerborn2, Lara I Brewer3
1Division of Hospital Medicine, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco.
Ethnicity & disease
|June 7, 2024
概括
非洲裔美国人的过早死亡与吸毒,大量饮酒,不良心血管健康和癌症有关. 低收入和吸烟也会增加死亡风险. 解决这些因素的干预措施对于预防至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 健康的社会决定因素
背景情况:
- 非洲裔美国人的过早死亡率,特别是"绝望死亡",需要进一步调查,而不仅仅关注白人美国人.
- 对于有针对性的公共卫生倡议来说,了解这个人口群体中过早死亡的多方面的预测因素至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查与非洲裔美国人65岁前过早死亡相关的因素.
- 确定"绝望死亡" (酒精,吸毒,吸烟) 和情境因素 (歧视,社会经济地位,社区条件) 作为死亡率的预测因素.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自杰克逊心脏研究 (JHS) 的数据,这是一组在基线65岁以下的非洲裔美国人 (n=4000) 的纵向队列.
- 采用考克斯的比例危险模型来分析死亡率预测因素,调整一系列综合性临床,社会和人口统计共变量.
- 从2000年到2019年收集的数据,分析了230例死亡.
主要成果:
- 男人,吸毒者,以及大量饮酒的人群,出现过早死亡的可能性增加.
- 较差的心血管健康指标 (0-1理想指标),癌症诊断和功能状况差是显著的预测因素.
- 低年家庭收入 (<25,000美元) 也与65岁前死亡风险较高有关.
结论:
- 临床因素,如不良的心血管健康和癌症,以及社会因素,如低收入,吸毒和大量饮酒,是非洲裔美国人过早死亡的关键预测因素.
- 调查结果强调需要综合的临床和社会干预措施,以减轻非洲裔美国人社区的过早死亡率.
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