量化家庭燃料燃烧排放的功能组组成
Emily Y Li1, Amir Yazdani2, Ann M Dillner3
1Air Methods and Characterization Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA.
概括
福里埃变换红外光谱法 (FTIR) 提供了一种快速,非破坏性的方法来分析燃烧燃料造成的室内空气污染. 这种技术可以准确地估计有机碳,减少对传统热光学测量的依赖.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 分析化学 分析化学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 室内燃烧用于和供暖的燃料影响全球数十亿人,导致慢性疾病和过早死亡.
- 住宅燃料燃烧是黑色碳排放的主要来源,是全球变暖的重要贡献者.
- 精确描述细颗粒物排放对于了解健康和气候影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估福里埃变换红外光谱法 (FTIR) 作为一种分析家庭燃烧燃料微粒物排放的方法.
- 将基于FTIR的有机碳 (OC) 估计与传统的热光传导率 (TOT) 方法进行比较.
- 证明FTIR在不同类型燃料中的颗粒物中识别功能组 (FG) 的实用性.
主要方法:
- 从15个炉和5种燃料类型的特龙膜过器上收集了细颗粒物.
- 福里埃变换红外光谱法 (FTIR) 用于分析收集的颗粒物排放的光谱特征.
- 使用多变量统计方法来确定有机碳 (OC) 中具有影响力的功能组 (FG),并将FTIR结果与热光传导率 (TOT) 进行比较.
主要成果:
- 对于木炭,煤油和红木的颗粒物排放,获得了明显的FTIR光谱谱.
- FTIR分析成功地确定了有影响力的功能组 (FG),这些功能组对有机碳 (OC) 有贡献.
- 基于FTIR的OC估计显示了高相关性 (R2 = 82.5%) 与同位热光传导率 (TOT) 测量.
结论:
- FTIR光谱学提供了一种快速,非破坏性和信息化的方法,用于分析家庭燃烧燃料的细颗粒物排放.
- 该技术提供了补充功能组信息,增强了对排放成分的理解.
- FTIR分析可以显著减少对源排放特征的热光学测量的需求,提高效率和降低成本.
相关概念视频
Introduction to Functional Groups
26.0K
Functional groups are group of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups are found along the carbon backbone of macromolecules can form chains or rings of carbon atoms. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
Types of common functional groups
The table below summarizes some of the major functional...
26.0K
Standard Enthalpy of Formation
41.6K
Enthalpy changes are typically tabulated for reactions in which both the reactants and products are at the same conditions. A standard state is a commonly accepted set of conditions used as a reference point for the determination of properties under other different conditions. For chemists, the IUPAC standard state refers to materials under a pressure of 1 bar and solutions at 1 M and does not specify a temperature. Many thermochemical tables list values with a standard state of 1 atm. Because...
41.6K
Experimental Determination of Chemical Formula
37.9K
The elemental makeup of a compound defines its chemical identity, and chemical formulas are the most concise way of representing this elemental makeup. When a compound’s formula is unknown, measuring the mass of its constituent elements is often the first step in determining the formula experimentally.
37.9K
Combustion Energy: A Measure of Stability in Alkanes and Cycloalkanes
6.3K
The low reactivity in alkanes can be attributed to the non-polar nature of C–C and C–H σ bonds. Alkanes, therefore, were initially termed as “paraffins,” derived from the Latin words: parum, meaning “too little,” and affinis, meaning “affinity.”
Alkanes undergo combustion in the presence of excess oxygen and high-temperature conditions to give carbon dioxide and water. A combustion reaction is the energy source in natural gas, liquified...
Alkanes undergo combustion in the presence of excess oxygen and high-temperature conditions to give carbon dioxide and water. A combustion reaction is the energy source in natural gas, liquified...
6.3K
Enthalpy and Heat of Reaction
8.4K
Combustion, commonly known as burning, is a reaction in which a substance reacts with an oxidizing agent, which in most cases is molecular oxygen, to liberate energy in the form of heat, light, or sound. The heat of combustion is also known as the enthalpy of combustion. The energy released when one mole of a substance undergoes complete combustion at constant pressure is called molar heat of combustion. Combustion reactions are exothermic; that is, they release energy, and their ΔH sign...
8.4K
Overview of Advanced Functional Groups
23.8K
Functional groups are groups of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and are sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
Types of Advanced Functional Groups
The table below summarizes some of the major functional groups in organic chemistry.
23.8K


