在COVID-19大流行期间,喘恶化的可修改风险因素:基于人口的重复横截面研究,使用研究和监测中心初级保健数据库进行了基于人口的重复横截面研究
Mome Mukherjee1,2,3,4, Cecilia Okusi5, Gavin Jamie5
1Asthma UK Centre for Applied Research, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
The Lancet regional health. Europe
|June 7, 2024
概括
在COVID-19大流行期间,喘恶化显著减少. 关键因素包括增加自我管理计划,吸入性皮质类固醇使用和流感疫苗接种,这些疫苗应在流行后继续使用.
科学领域:
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 在COVID-19大流行期间,喘恶化出现了显著的减少.
- 这些削减的根本原因尚不清楚.
- 这项研究调查了可修改风险因素的变化,以解释观察到的下降.
研究的目的:
- 检查喘恶化可修改风险因素的变化.
- 将2020-2022年的这些变化与2019年大流行前的一年进行比较.
- 确定可能导致喘恶化减少的因素.
主要方法:
- 利用多层次的通用线性混合模型.
- 分析了来自牛津皇家全科医生学院研究和监测中心的观察性,常规的全科医生数据.
- 确定的喘恶化由GP记录,普丁尼索隆处方,A&E出席或住院;评估的自我管理计划,年度审查,吸入性皮质类固醇 (ICS) 处方,流感疫苗接种和呼吸道感染 (RTIs).
主要成果:
- 喘恶化率从2019年的20.4%下降到2020年的15.1%和2022年的18.5%.
- 关键可修改因素显示出积极的趋势:喘自我管理计划增加 (28.6%至55.9%),ICS处方增加 (69.9%至72.0%),流感疫苗接种激增 (14.2%至55.3%).
- 下和上呼吸道感染 (RTIs) 减少,目前的吸烟率略有下降.
结论:
- 在大流行期间观察到可改变喘恶化风险因素的显著改善.
- 这些积极的变化,包括增加自我管理计划和疫苗接种,对于流行后的喘管理至关重要.
- 保持这些改进的风险因素概况对于持续减少喘恶化至关重要.
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