公立中西部大学一年级宿舍学生的自杀思想和自我伤害行为:试点研究
Hillary Sandra Klonoff-Cohen1, Auroraleigh Cohen1, Robyn L Gobin1
1Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.
Chronic stress (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)
|June 7, 2024
概括
经历抑郁症的大学新生表现出增加的自杀念头,而神经病症和开放性影响自我伤害行为. 家庭责任成为防止自杀的关键保护因素. 进一步的研究和干预对于学生的心理健康至关重要.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 心理健康 心理健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 大学生面临着重大的心理健康挑战,自杀念头和非自杀自伤率很高.
- 伊利诺伊州的青少年和大学生自杀率较高,这凸显了该地区的担忧.
- 居住在宿舍的一年级大学生代表了一个需要集中精神健康评估的弱势群体.
研究的目的:
- 试点一项研究,评估伊利诺伊州一所公立大学的新生自杀念头和自我伤害行为.
- 为了调查抑郁症的独立影响,五因素模型的特征,以及生活在自我伤害和自杀念头的原因.
- 这是第一个使用五种标准化心理学工具来检查一年级宿舍学生这些危机的研究.
主要方法:
- 40名大学一年级宿舍学生参与了这项研究.
- 参与者完成了五种标准化的心理仪器:贝克抑郁症清单II,自杀想法量表,五因素模型,关于自伤的陈述清单和生活理由量表.
- 数据是通过面对面的评估收集的.
主要成果:
- 很大一部分参与者报告自伤行为 (40%) 和自杀念头 (19%).
- 抑郁症与自杀念头有显著的相关性 (β=0.05,P=.006).
- 神经性和开放性与自我伤害行为有关 (aOR=3.36,P=.02和aOR=0.48,P=.047,分别),而"对家庭的责任"是95%的学生生活的主要原因.
结论:
- 初步发现突出显示,新生中自伤和自杀念头的普遍性,需要进一步调查风险和保护因素.
- 建议针对一年级宿舍学生的心理健康干预措施来提高整体幸福感.
- 建议为一年级学生制定全校,甚至全国范围的预防策略.
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