微塑料污染对无菌和内源性虫肠道微生物群的影响
Christina Papazlatani1, Paolina Garbeva1, Esperanza Huerta Lwanga2
1Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
FEMS microbiology letters
|June 7, 2024
概括
微塑料 (MP) 污染会影响土肠道细菌,而生活方式是关键因素. 塑料分子的存在改变了细菌群落,可能为塑料降解微生物提供了丰富的材料.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 生态毒理学 生态毒理学
背景情况:
- 微塑料 (MP) 污染对全球生态系统构成越来越大的威胁.
- 虽然水中影响得到了充分研究,但陆地生态系统的影响仍未得到充分研究.
- 虫是土壤生态系统的关键工程师,使他们成为陆地MP影响研究的理想模型.
研究的目的:
- 研究低密度聚乙烯微塑料 (LDPE MPs) 对两种虫物种肠道细菌微生物群的影响.
- 为了比较MPs对内极性 (Aporrectodea caliginosa) 和内极性 (Lumbricus terrestris) 虫的影响.
- 为了识别土肠内由于MP暴露而导致的细菌多样性和组成的变化.
主要方法:
- 在用0.2%的LDPE MPs处理的沙土中对地肠道微生物组进行了分析.
- 在受控和MP暴露条件下监测的生存率.
- 使用16S rRNA基因测序来评估细菌社区结构和多样性.
主要成果:
- 内生性虫的生存率为100%,而无菌性虫在MP处理的土壤中生存率降低.
- 虫的生活方式是肠道微生物组转变的主要驱动因素,其次是MP存在.
- 暴露于MP显著改变了细菌群体的组成,特别是在形虫中,Actinobacteriota,Proteobacteria和Firmicutes显著增加.
结论:
- 陆地微塑料污染影响地肠道细菌群落,根据地的生活方式产生不同的影响.
- 观察到的特定细菌类的丰富表明,可能存在微生物塑料在虫肠道中的降解.
- 需要进一步的研究来了解MP诱导的土壤无脊椎动物微生物组变化的长期生态影响.
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