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相关概念视频

Gastrulation01:56

Gastrulation

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Gastrulation establishes the three primary tissues of an embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This developmental process relies on a series of intricate cellular movements, which in humans transforms a flat, “bilaminar disc” composed of two cell sheets into a three-tiered structure. In the resulting embryo, the endoderm serves as the bottom layer, and stacked directly above it is the intermediate mesoderm, and then the uppermost ectoderm. Respectively, these tissue strata...
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Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells01:23

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The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the...
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Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

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Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
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胚胎外肠内皮细胞在发育过程中经历编程细胞死亡.

Julia Batki1, Sara Hetzel1, Dennis Schifferl2

  • 1Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.

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概括

鼠标肠道中的胚胎外细胞保留发育记忆,并经历编程细胞死亡. 这些细胞在野生类型胚胎中通过中期消失,但在p53-突变胚胎中存在.

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科学领域:

  • 发展生物学 发展生物学
  • 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
  • 细胞生物学 细胞生物学

背景情况:

  • 胚胎外细胞为胚胎组织如肠内皮做出贡献.
  • 这些细胞具有独特的表观基因组,与胚胎细胞不同.
  • 关于表观基因组重置和胚胎外细胞持续存在的问题仍然存在.

研究的目的:

  • 为了研究表观遗传记忆和发育中的小鼠肠道内的胚胎外细胞的命运.
  • 为了确定胚胎外细胞是否会持续到胚胎发育的后期阶段.

主要方法:

  • 开发一个双色系谱追踪策略.
  • 随着时间的推移,追踪和隔离胚外细胞.
  • 对DNA甲基化景观和转录特征的分析.

主要成果:

  • 胚胎外肠道细胞保留其起源的表观遗传记忆,包括DNA甲基化模式.
  • 胚胎外细胞经历被编程的细胞死亡,胚胎细胞清除其残留物.
  • 在野生类型的胚胎中,胚胎外细胞通过中期清除.
  • 胚外细胞在p53突变胚胎中存在并分化.

结论:

  • 鼠标肠道中的胚胎外细胞表现出显著的发育起源记忆.
  • 编程细胞死亡和细胞分裂消除正常发育中的胚胎外细胞.
  • p53突变会影响胚胎外细胞的清除,导致它们的持久性.