吸烟成年人对香烟包装标签替代品的不同反应:随机试验的结果
James F Thrasher1, Emily E Hackworth1, Stuart G Ferguson2
1Department of Health Promotion, Education & Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
概括
带有有效性信息的香烟包装插件在低冲动度的吸烟者中促进戒烟行为. 图形健康警告标签 (PHWL) 对受教育程度低的吸烟者最有效,可能减少差距.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 控制烟草的控制方式
背景情况:
- 关于香烟包装插件对成年吸烟者小组的影响如何不同,目前的研究有限.
- 有效性信息和图形健康警告标签 (PHWL) 是旨在减少吸烟的干预措施.
研究的目的:
- 评估香烟包装插件和PHWL在各种成年吸烟者小组中对戒烟行为的影响.
- 调查基线特征如自我效能,戒烟意图,教育,健康素养和时间是否会抵消中度干预的有效性.
主要方法:
- 一项随机试验涉及367名当前成年吸烟者,分为四组:对照组 (只有文本的HWL),只有插件,只有PHWL或组合插件和PHWL.
- 参与者报告了14天内每天戒烟或戒烟的行为.
- 混合效应物流模型分析了基线共变量对干预有效性的适度效应.
主要成果:
- 教育显著减轻了PHWL的影响;PHWLs仅在教育程度低的吸烟者中增加了放弃/拒绝行为 (OR=4.68,p<0.001).
- 时间折扣显著缓解了插入效应;插入只在时间折扣较低 (冲动性较低) 的吸烟者中增加了放弃/拒绝行为 (OR=4.35,p<0.001).
- 没有观察到基于戒烟的自我有效性,戒烟的意图或健康素养的差异效应.
结论:
- 带有有效性信息的香烟包装插件对时间折扣低 (冲动性低) 的吸烟者是有效的.
- 对于教育程度低的吸烟者来说,PHWL是最有效的,可能会减轻与教育相关的戒烟差异.
- 与单个干预相比,结合插入和PHWL并没有提高有效性;针对特定子组可能需要量身定制的方法.
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