一种基于拉曼光谱的血清样本以诊断乙型肝炎,甲型肝炎和甲状腺功能障碍为基础的类失衡混合学习策略
Hongyong Leng1, Ziyang Zhang2, Chen Chen3
1School of Computer Science & Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, China; College of Software, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China.
概括
计算机辅助振动光谱显示出早期疾病诊断的前景. 一个新的混合组合分类器 (HEC) 有效地解决了医疗数据中的类不平衡,提高了HBV和HCV等疾病的诊断准确性.
科学领域:
- 医学诊断 医学诊断 医学诊断
- 计算生物学是一种计算生物学.
- 机器学习在医疗保健中的应用
背景情况:
- 计算机辅助振动光谱学为早期疾病诊断提供了有希望的结果.
- 临床数据的局限性,包括样本不足和光谱获取成本,导致数据集不平衡,阻碍诊断模型的性能.
- 阶级不平衡,数据在疾病之间差异很大,是医学机器学习的一个重大挑战.
研究的目的:
- 研究用于疾病诊断的振动光谱数据中解决阶级不平衡的策略.
- 评估单个方法的有效性,如集体学习,特征提取和重新采样.
- 提出和验证一个新的混合组合分类器 (HEC),整合这些策略.
主要方法:
- 利用拉曼光谱对三种常见疾病的医学数据集,其不平衡率各不相同.
- 比较基线模型,如支持矢量机器 (SVM),K-近邻 (KNN) 和决策树 (DT).
- 实施和评估组合学习,特征提取和重新采样策略,无论是单独的还是混合方法 (HEC).
- 使用G-平均值和曲线下的面积 (AUC) 度量来评估性能.
主要成果:
- 所有测试的策略 (集体学习,特征提取,重新采样) 都单独减轻了不平衡学习的负面影响.
- 拟议的混合组合分类器 (HEC) 在所有数据集中表现出卓越的性能.
- 与HCV和甲状腺功能障碍数据集的最佳个人策略相比,HEC实现了高达9.79%和8.47%的G-平均和AUC改善.
结论:
- 混合组合分类器 (HEC) 有效地克服了振动光谱医学数据中类不平衡所带来的挑战.
- 高电压显著提高了诊断模型的性能,超过了基线分类器和个别策略组合.
- 在医学诊断中,HEC方法在各种不平衡的学习场景中显示出更广泛的应用潜力.
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