在暴露前预防连续过程中评估结构性种族主义和歧视:系统性审查
Sara Seyedroudbari1, Fatemeh Ghadimi2, Gabriela Grady3
1College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. sarakseyed@gmail.com.
AIDS and behavior
|June 8, 2024
概括
结构性种族主义和歧视对暴露前预防 (PrEP) 护理连续的各个阶段都有负面影响. 解决这些多层次障碍对于减少艾滋病毒传播和促进健康公平至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
- 预防艾滋病毒 预防艾滋病毒
背景情况:
- 结构性种族主义和歧视 (SRD) 在美国医疗保健中普遍存在,但它们对艾滋病毒预防护理的具体影响尚未完全理解.
- 评估SRD的影响是复杂的,因为它的多层次性质 (人际,组织内,组织外).
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查SRD对暴露前预防 (PrEP) 护理连续结果的影响.
- 确定不同水平的SRD如何影响PrEP在不同美国人群中的使用和保留.
主要方法:
- 系统的文献审查遵循PRISMA指导方针,搜索PubMed和PsycInfo直到2023年9月.
- 包括66项同行评审的研究,独立选,质量评估和至少两位作者进行数据抽象.
- 分析暴露变量,包括种族/种族和SRD,以及PrEP护理连续性的结果.
主要成果:
- SRD对PrEP护理连续性的所有步骤产生负面影响,包括知识,坚持,吸收和保留.
- 由歧视引起的医疗不信任与较低的PrEP参与度有关.
- 医疗保健提供者偏见,社会经济因素 (无家可归,低SES,监禁) 和系统问题减少了PrEP的获取和使用.
结论:
- 在整个PrEP护理连续过程中,SRD存在重大障碍,阻碍了艾滋病毒预防工作.
- 仅仅是种族/种族并不能完全捕捉在不考虑SRD的背景下观察到的差异.
- 干预措施必须解决多层次的SRD障碍,以有效地减少艾滋病毒传播和促进健康公平.
相关概念视频
Strategies for Assessing and Addressing Confounding
92
Confounding is a critical issue in epidemiological studies, often leading to misleading conclusions about associations between exposures and outcomes. It occurs when the relationship between the exposure and the outcome is mixed with the effects of other factors that influence the outcome. Given that, addressing confounding is of high importance for drawing accurate inferences in research.
Confounding can be addressed at both the design phase of a study and through analytical methods after data...
Confounding can be addressed at both the design phase of a study and through analytical methods after data...
92
Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination
90.2K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
90.2K
Bias in Epidemiological Studies
242
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
242
Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches
125
Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
125
Confounding in Epidemiological Studies
162
Confounding in statistical epidemiology represents a pivotal challenge, referring to the distortion in the perceived relationship between an exposure and an outcome due to the presence of a third variable, known as a confounder. This variable is associated with both the exposure and the outcome but is not a direct link in their causal chain. Its presence can lead to erroneous interpretations of the exposure's effect, either exaggerating or underestimating the true association. This...
162
Surveys
14.7K
Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
14.7K


