在SARS-CoV-2大流行期间的非药理干预:对儿科病毒性呼吸道感染的影响
Georgina Armero1, Carmina Guitart2, Aleix Soler-Garcia3
1Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain; Infectious Diseases and Microbiome Research Group. Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain.
Archivos de bronconeumologia
|June 9, 2024
概括
隔离和口罩等非药物干预措施在COVID-19大流行期间显著影响了儿科呼吸道病毒循环. 这些措施减少了病毒检测,甚至在年幼的儿童中也出现了效应.
科学领域:
- 儿童传染病 儿童传染病
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生干预 公共卫生干预
背景情况:
- 病毒性下呼吸道感染是儿童疾病和死亡的主要原因.
- 随着COVID-19大流行,广泛的非药物干预措施 (NPIs) 发生了变化,改变了呼吸系统病毒的动态.
- 了解NPI对儿科呼吸道病毒循环的影响对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估COVID-19相关的NPI及其随后解除对儿童呼吸道病毒循环的影响.
- 分析流行病相关措施之前,期间和之后的儿科呼吸道病毒检测趋势.
主要方法:
- 对儿童 (0-18岁) 呼吸道病毒分子检测的每周时间序列分析.
- 包括来自儿科重症监护室 (PICU) 的患者和患有风险病理的患者.
- 对诊断努力和地理位置 (加泰罗尼亚) 的积极结果的调整.
主要成果:
- 隔离措施导致所有测试的呼吸道病毒的检测显著下降,特别是Rhinovirus (RV).
- 隔离后,病毒检测最初保持稳定,传播没有立即激增.
- 强制性面罩使用减少了病毒循环;然而,流感病毒在卸下面罩后反弹,同时在RV和RSV检测中断下降.
结论:
- 非药物干预显然影响了儿童群体中呼吸道病毒的循环.
- 在各种年龄组中观察到NPI的影响,包括那些没有具体措施直接针对的年龄组.
- 学校重新开放与呼吸道病毒检测数量的增加相关,特别是RV.
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