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婴儿在生命的第一年从光谱退化语音细分单词形式的能力
Irene de la Cruz-Pavía1,2, Monica Hegde3, Laurianne Cabrera3
1Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, Universidad de Deusto, Bilbao, Spain.
Developmental science
|June 10, 2024
概括
六个月大的婴儿需要频率调制 (FM) 线索来进行语音细分,而10个月大的婴儿可以使用带有足够频谱的振幅调制 (AM) 线索来细分单词. 这突显了词汇细分的听觉处理的发展转变.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 听觉神经科学 听觉神经科学
- 语音感知 语音感知
背景情况:
- 婴儿必须将流利的语言分成词汇形式,以获得词汇,这个过程在4到7个月之间开始.
- 婴儿利用各种语音信号线索,包括语音,统计和声学细分信息,用于单词细分.
研究的目的:
- 研究时间 (频率调制[FM]和振幅调制[AM]) 和光谱信息的退化如何影响婴儿的词形细分.
- 为了检查婴儿对6至10个月龄之间语音细分的光谱时间线索的敏感度的发育变化.
主要方法:
- 在学习法语的6个月和10个月大的婴儿身上使用了精神声学方法.
- 婴儿们熟悉了声音编码的语音段落,其中FM被纯色调所取代,AM在8或16个光谱频段中被保留.
- 使用熟悉和新控制单词的目标单词测试了词识别.
主要成果:
- 六个月大的婴儿在8和16光谱带条件下都无法分割单词.
- 十个月大的婴儿只有当AM线索在16个光谱频段中呈现时,才能成功地分割单词,在8个频段中失败.
- 调查结果表明,6个月大的婴儿依赖FM时间线索,而10个月大的婴儿依赖AM线索的足够频谱带.
结论:
- 在6到10个月之间,婴儿对语音细分的光谱时间线索的依赖发生了发育变化.
- 这种转变可能反映了分段化策略的范围增加或处理偏差从母音到辅音的变化.
- 频谱时态语音特征的听觉处理对于早期的单词细分至关重要,并且正在经历显著的发展.
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