巴拉圭被监禁和土著人口中的结核病度,2018-2022年
Angélica Medina1, Jacob Sussman2, Natalia Sosa1
1Programa Nacional de Control de la Tuberculosis, Asunción, Paraguay.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|June 10, 2024
概括
巴拉圭结核病 (TB) 发病率正在上升,不成比例地影响着监禁和土著人口. 迫切需要有针对性的干预措施,以改善这些弱势群体的结核病诊断,治疗和预防.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染病控制和控制传染病
背景情况:
- 全球结核病 (TB) 发病率正在下降,但巴拉圭是一个中等发病率的国家,却略有增加.
- 从2010年到2022年,巴拉圭的结核病率从每10万人口中的42个增加到46个.
研究的目的:
- 分析巴拉圭国家结核病控制计划 (NPTC) 2018年至2022年间结核病通知数据的趋势.
- 在脆弱人群中量化结核病发病率,特别是监禁者和土著人群中.
- 为了确定巴拉圭各个部门的结核病发病率的地理差异.
主要方法:
- 追溯性研究设计,利用向NPTC报告的结核病例数据.
- 分析了2018年至2022年报告的13725起结核病例.
- 与普通人群相比,监狱和土著人口的结核病相对风险计算.
主要成果:
- 在所有报告的结核病例中,被监禁的人占17% (2331例),土著人占12.7% (1743例).
- 在2022年,结核病的相对风险明显更高:囚犯的风险是囚犯的87倍,土著人的6.4倍.
- 在巴拉圭17个行政部门观察到结核病发病率的实质性异质性.
结论:
- 巴拉圭面临着日益严重的结核病挑战,在囚犯和土著人口中,结核病的发病率不成比例.
- 迫切需要加强对高风险群体的结核病诊断,治疗和预防策略的准入.
- 结核病发病率的地理差异需要在部门层面进行量身定制的公共卫生干预.
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