相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 24, 2025

Using Mouse Oocytes to Assess Human Gene Function During Meiosis I

Using Mouse Oocytes to Assess Human Gene Function During Meiosis I

Published on: April 10, 2018

衰老破坏了老鼠和人类中脑的mRNA和蛋白质表达之间的协调

Silas A Buck^1,2, Samuel J Mabry², Jill R Glausier²

¹Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

|June 10, 2024

概括

健康的衰老不会导致多巴胺神经元丧失. 然而,基因表达变化发生在小鼠和人类的多巴胺和谷氨酸神经元中,这表明了维持神经传递的机制.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
衰老研究研究衰老研究
分子生物学分子生物学

背景情况:

多巴胺 (DA) 神经元损失是帕金森病的特征.
健康衰老对多巴胺神经元的影响尚未完全理解.
研究中脑神经元中与年龄相关的变化对于理解神经退行性疾病至关重要.

研究的目的:

为了确定中脑多巴胺神经元是否在老化过程中在老鼠和人类中退化.
为了研究这些神经元内基因表达的与年龄相关的变化.
探索在衰老过程中维持神经元功能的潜在恒常机制.

主要方法:

对中脑神经元数量和基因表达 (mRNA和蛋白质) 在老年小鼠和年轻小鼠和人类中的比较分析.
在中脑和条纹体中量化氨酸氧酶 (TH) 和囊泡谷氨酸转运体2 (VGLUT2).
对多巴胺神经元中的核体基因表达的分析.

主要成果:

在老年小鼠或人类中没有观察到中脑神经元的显著损失.
在两种物种中都发现了TH和VGLUT2mRNA表达的与年龄相关的下降.
在小鼠中,状TH和VGLUT2蛋白水平保持不变,但在人类中,终端密度下降,其余终端蛋白质表达不变.

结论:

衰老诱导中脑多巴胺和谷氨酸神经元的物种保存的转录变化,而没有显著的细胞死亡.
恒温机制,包括核糖体翻译,可能会补偿与年龄相关的转录效率下降.
研究结果表明,在衰老过程中保持神经传递和增强神经元弹性是潜在的治疗点.

关键词:

老化的老化衰老的老化多巴胺是多巴胺的一种.谷氨酸酸盐的使用方法神经退行症的神经退行症核糖体的核糖体是指核糖体中的核糖体.铁氨酸氧化酶是什么囊泡性谷氨酸运输体 2 2 囊泡性谷氨酸运输体

更多相关视频

Isolation of Intermediate Filament Proteins from Multiple Mouse Tissues to Study Aging-associated Post-translational Modifications

Isolation of Intermediate Filament Proteins from Multiple Mouse Tissues to Study Aging-associated Post-translational Modifications

Published on: May 18, 2017

Environmental Modulations of the Number of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons in Adult Mice

Environmental Modulations of the Number of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons in Adult Mice

Published on: January 20, 2015

相关概念视频

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...

Regulated mRNA Transport

Regulated mRNA Transport

In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing...

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...