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年龄对预测眼动对行动的影响.

Leonard Gerharz1,2,3, Eli Brenner4,5, Jutta Billino1,6

  • 1Experimental Psychology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.

Journal of vision
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概括

老年人不再依赖预测性目光策略来弥补与年龄相关的减速. 这项研究没有发现任何证据表明,预测有助于老年人在视觉运动任务中的反应时间.

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科学领域:

  • 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
  • 人类衰老研究研究
  • 发动机控制器的控制器

背景情况:

  • 人与环境的互动涉及眼神转移,以收集与行动相关的信息.
  • 衰老与感官处理和运动执行速度减慢有关.
  • 预测策略可能为与年龄相关的减速提供补偿机制.

研究的目的:

  • 调查老年人是否比年轻人更多地使用预测性凝视策略.
  • 为了检查与年龄相关的差异,在视觉运动任务的视觉控制和反应时间的可预测性不同.

主要方法:

  • 参与者 (年轻者:19-29岁;年长者:55-72岁) 执行了一项达到视觉目标的任务.
  • 目标位置在试验区之间是可预测的,有偏见的或不可预测的.
  • 测量了萨卡德延迟时间和萨卡德次数.

主要成果:

  • 对于所有年龄组的可预测目标,观察到较短的冲击延迟时间.
  • 较年长的成年人表现出比年轻的成年人更长的saccade启动时间,无论目标的可预测性如何.
  • 在依赖预测性目光或在不同的可预测性条件下执行的跳动数量方面,没有发现与年龄相关的差异.

结论:

  • 年长的成年人似乎没有比年轻的成年人更多地利用预测性目光策略.
  • 随着年龄的增长,传感运动处理的减速并不能通过在这个任务中增强的预测控制来弥补.
  • 未来的研究可以探索老龄化人口中的其他补偿机制.