美国肺癌查,2022年
Priti Bandi1, Jessica Star1, Kilan Ashad-Bishop1
1Surveillance & Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia.
JAMA internal medicine
|June 10, 2024
概括
对于高风险人群,建议每年进行肺癌查 (LCS),但最新的查率在全国范围内仍然很低. 美国各州的LCS患病率差异很大,与获得医疗保健有关.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 预防医学 预防医学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 美国预防服务工作组 (USPSTF) 建议每年使用低剂量计算机断层扫描进行肺癌查 (LCS),对年龄在50-80岁,有明显吸烟史的个人.
- 通过LCS进行早期检测旨在降低肺癌死亡率,但国家一级查流行率的代表性数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 估计目前全国和所有美国州的最新肺癌查 (UTD) 的流行率.
- 根据人口统计,健康状况和地理位置确定UTD-LCS患病率的差异.
主要方法:
- 这项横截面研究利用了来自2022年行为风险因素监测系统 (BRFSS) 的数据,这是一项全国性的,州代表性的调查.
- 该分析包括25958名年龄在50-79岁之间的受访者,他们符合2021年USPSTFLCS的资格标准.
主要成果:
- UTD-LCS的总体患病率为18.1%,在各州有显著的差异 (9.7%-31.0%),特别是在肺癌负担较高的南方州更低.
- 随着年龄和并发症数量的增加,UTD-LCS的患病率增加. 没有保险或通常的护理来源的人群的查率较低.
- 国家医疗补助扩张和更高的查能力与UTD-LCS患病率的增加有关.
结论:
- 在全国范围内,最新的肺癌查的流行率仍然很低,地理和医疗保健获取差异很大.
- 以扩大医疗保健和查设施为重点的州级倡议对于改善LCS率和减少健康不平等至关重要.
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