对飞机干扰的频率依赖性耐受性大大改变了对海岸鸟类的预测影响
Henk-Jan van der Kolk1,2, Cor J Smit3, Andrew M Allen1,2,4
1Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Wageningen, Netherlands.
Ecology letters
|June 10, 2024
概括
野生动物对人类干扰的耐受性取决于频率. 忽视这种依赖频率的宽容度使得影响预测不可靠,特别是当扩展到大区域时. 这项研究揭示了习惯如何使扰乱效应均化.
科学领域:
- 野生动物生态学野生动物生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
背景情况:
- 人类对野生动物的破坏是全球日益关注的问题.
- 动物对人类活动的耐受性往往取决于干扰频率,习惯性等因素,使影响概括变得困难.
- 很少有研究量化了依赖频率的耐受性或其对大规模干扰预测的影响.
研究的目的:
- 研究人类干扰的频率如何影响野生动物的耐受性和行为反应.
- 评估依赖频率的宽容对在大空间尺度上推断干扰效应的影响.
- 提出一个框架来协调各种各样的物种特异性干扰反应.
主要方法:
- 在空中交通强度的梯度上进行了一项比较研究.
- 鸟类的飞行反应 (飞行) 量化与飞机的稀有性和频率相关.
- 对特定地点的响应数据进行了推断,以预测区域性干扰影响.
主要成果:
- 鸟类对罕见的飞机表现出很高的逃跑反应 (80%).
- 鸟类对频繁飞行的飞机的逃跑反应 (7%) 显著降低,这表明它们已经习惯了.
- 对频率依赖性耐受性的计算使预测的区域干扰地图均化,减少了已识别的热点.
结论:
- 对于准确预测野生动物对人为干扰的反应而言,频率依赖的耐受性至关重要.
- 忽视频率依赖的宽容率导致不可靠地将干扰影响从局部地点扩展到更广泛的区域.
- 这种方法可以帮助调和先前观察到的特异性物种或来源特定的干扰反应.
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