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查尔科和最近的法国电影
Ariane St-Denis1, Rami Massie1,2
1Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Journal of the history of the neurosciences
|June 10, 2024
概括
神经学先驱的教授让-马丁·夏尔科通过两部电影重新审视. 这些电影突出了他对歇斯底里和催眠的研究,为他在萨尔佩特里埃尔的遗产提供了现代,以女性为中心的观点.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 医学史 医学史 的历史
- 医学人文学科 医学人文学科
背景情况:
- 教授让-马丁·查尔科 (Jean-Martin Charcot) 在神经病学中建立了解剖临床方法.
- 历史媒体的关注主要集中在Charcot对歇斯底里症的研究上.
- 他的公众形象在很大程度上是由他对催眠和公共课程的工作所塑造的.
研究的目的:
- 审查和比较两部最近的法国电影中教授让-马丁·沙尔科的电影描绘:"奥古斯丁" (2012) 和"狂欢舞会" (2021).
- 为了将这些现代的表现与1800年代后期的当代记载和其他传记作品进行对比.
- 分析女性导演视角对肖尔科和他的病人描绘的影响.
主要方法:
- 在"奥古斯丁"和"愚人的舞会"中对电影描绘的比较分析.
- 电影表现与查尔科时代的历史报纸文章的比较.
- 对传记作品的检查,以对查尔科的形象进行背景化.
- 专注于描绘夏科的公共课程,对催眠的实验工作和患者互动.
主要成果:
- 这两部电影都突出了查尔科的公共课程和对歇斯底里患者的催眠实验.
- "疯狂的舞会"呈现了一种肤浅的Charcot冷酷和专制的形象.
- "奥古斯丁"为Charcot提供了更核心的角色,探讨了与患者的亲密关系,并展示了他权威性质的同时,更具人性的一面.
- 这两部电影都将查尔科描绘成一个神圣的权威,同时承认他的科学方法.
结论:
- 最近的电影,特别是由女性导演的电影,为Charcot下的La Salpêtrière的生活提供了新的,以女性为中心的视角.
- 这些电影表现有助于对让-马丁·夏尔科 (Jean-Martin Charcot) 的不断发展的理解,他是现代神经学的关键人物.
- 这些电影强调了夏科特形象的二元性:细致的科学家和复杂的,有时有争议的公众人物.
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