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Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
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The radical chain-growth polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination of polymerization. The polymerization initiates when a free radical generated from the radical initiator adds to the unsaturated bond in the monomer. The unpaired electron of the free radical and one π electron in the unsaturated bond creates a σ bond between the free radical and the monomer. As a result, the other π electron in the unsaturated bond converts this...
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The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a repeating unit, while the terminal groups are considered insignificant. The average degree of polymerization represents the number of repeating units in the polymer molecule and is denoted by the subscript n.
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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
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Facile Synthesis of Worm-like Micelles by Visible Light Mediated Dispersion Polymerization Using Photoredox Catalyst
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热溶液去聚合RAFT电感聚合物的热溶液去聚合.

Nethmi De Alwis Watuthanthrige1, Richard Whitfield1, Simon Harrisson2

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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

这项研究探讨了使用热去聚合的远程聚合物的化学回收. 双功能聚合物显示出更好的单体回收,促进了聚合物回收和循环经济.

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科学领域:

  • 聚合物化学 聚合物化学
  • 化学回收利用 化学回收利用
  • 可持续材料 可持续材料

背景情况:

  • 热溶液脱聚合为聚合物提供了低温化学回收.
  • 目前的方法主要针对单功能聚合物,限制了回收范围.
  • 将脱聚合扩展到更复杂的聚合物架构是循环经济倡议的关键.

研究的目的:

  • 通过热溶液脱聚合来研究远离体聚合物的化学回收.
  • 评估聚合物架构对脱聚合效率和单体回收的影响.
  • 为了证明双功能聚合物的潜力,提高化学回收过程.

主要方法:

  • 使用RAFT聚合物合成的远程聚合物的合成.
  • 热溶液脱聚合的应用用于单体回收.
  • 分析分子量变化和脱聚合动力学.
  • 数学建模来解释脱聚合行为.

主要成果:

  • 望远镜聚合物成功地脱聚合,产生单体.
  • 在telechelic聚合物的脱聚合过程中观察到分子重量的显著减少.
  • 双功能聚合物架构影响了脱聚合动力学,表明了部分脱聚合.
  • 与单一功能类型相比,具有特定终端组的远程聚合物可提高多聚合转化率高达68%.

结论:

  • 远程聚合物是热溶液脱聚合的可行的基质.
  • 双功能聚合物设计可以优化单体回收效率.
  • 这种方法提高了循环经济的化学回收的潜力.