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可持续的土地管理增强了环境和未来气候下的生态和经济多功能性
Friedrich Scherzinger1, Martin Schädler1,2, Thomas Reitz1,3
1German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Jena-Halle-Leipzig, Puschstr. 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
Nature communications
|June 10, 2024
概括
密集的土地管理和气候变化减少了生态系统的多功能性,影响了人类的福祉. 可持续实践增强了生态和经济效益,对未来的农业生态系统至关重要.
科学领域:
- 农业生态学 农业生态学
- 生态系统服务生态系统服务
- 环境经济学环境经济学
背景情况:
- 目前的土地管理实践威胁着生态系统的多功能性,这对人类福祉至关重要.
- 农业生态系统的多功能性受到土地使用类型和气候的影响.
- 评估多功能性需要整合生态和经济视角.
研究的目的:
- 进行对德国中部农业生态系统多功能性的生态经济评估.
- 评估不同土地使用类型和气候情景对多功能性的影响.
- 将利益相关者的偏好纳入生态多功能性措施.
主要方法:
- 五种土地使用类型和两个气候场景 (环境和未来) 的大型实地实验.
- 对14个生态系统变量进行分析.
- 用权重平均方法测量生态多功能性,反映利益相关者的偏好.
- 通过生态系统服务的总体经济价值来评估经济多功能性.
主要成果:
- 密集管理和未来气候场景减少了草原和耕地中的生态多功能性.
- 可持续的土地管理产生的经济多功能性 (1.7-1.9倍) 比密集管理高得多.
- 土壤生物多样性与生态多功能性有积极的相关性,是潜在的驱动因素.
结论:
- 普遍存在的土地管理有利于农民,但不利于整个社会.
- 建议促进可持续的土地管理,以增强生态和经济的多功能性.
- 激励可持续实践对于在未来气候条件下具有弹性农业生态系统至关重要.
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