在美国的共享临床决策下,探索脑膜炎球菌血清组B疫苗接种对话
Oscar Herrera-Restrepo1, Diana E Clements1, Zachary N Hebert2
1GSK, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Current medical research and opinion
|June 11, 2024
概括
卫生保健提供者和年轻成年人之间关于脑膜炎球菌血清组B (MenB) 疫苗接种的讨论很短,决策的共享程度很低. 教育可以提高人们对MenB疫苗的认识和接收.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 免疫接种实践 免疫接种实践
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
背景情况:
- 美国免疫实践咨询委员会 (ACIP) 在2019年为16-23岁的个人更新了脑膜炎球菌血清组B (MenB) 疫苗推.
- 更新后的建议从个人转向了共享临床决策 (SCDM),强调了患者和医疗服务提供者的合作.
- 尽管有建议,但这个年龄段的MenB疫苗接种率仍然很低.
研究的目的:
- 分析医疗保健提供者 (HCP) 与患者/护理人员之间关于MenB疫苗接种的记录对话.
- 评估这些讨论在2019年SCDM建议变更后如何发展.
- 评估MenB疫苗讨论中共享决策的实力.
主要方法:
- 对匿名对话录音 (2015年1月至2022年10月) 进行回顾性分析,讨论了MenB疫苗接种.
- 包括97次记录的对话,涉及医疗保健人员和患者 (16-23岁) 或他们的护理人员.
- 使用修改的OPTION5框架测量共享决策.
主要成果:
- 每次谈话中,MenB疾病的讨论时间平均为0.25分钟,而MenB疫苗接种的讨论时间为1.36分钟.
- 医疗保健人员主导了对话 (78.8%的MenB疫苗相关单词) 并启动了大多数讨论 (99.0%).
- 共享决策能力普遍较低,卫生保健工作者对MenB疫苗接种的建议在SCDM更新后变得更加强大 (21.4%的增长).
结论:
- 关于MenB疫苗接种的对话往往很简短,参与共同决策的参与有限.
- 医疗保健提供者和患者教育对于提高SCDM对MenB疫苗接种的认识和改善实施至关重要.
- 有针对性的干预措施可能会增加青少年和年轻人的MenB疫苗接种率.
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