自我报告的原因,症状和恢复策略的性别差异与耐力运动员表现不佳相关
Aarón Agudo-Ortega1, Rune Kjøsen Talsnes2, Hanna Eid2
1Sports Training Laboratory, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.
概括
耐力运动员由于各种因素而表现不佳. 女运动员报告了更多的心理症状和营养挑战,而男性则引用了训练错误,影响了恢复策略.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 竞技表现 运动表现
背景情况:
- 性能不足是耐力运动中常见的问题.
- 了解低绩效的性别差异对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
- 以前的研究还没有完全阐明这些性别特异性因素.
研究的目的:
- 调查性差异的自我报告的原因,症状和恢复策略与耐力运动员的表现不佳相关.
- 为了确定在表现不佳期间经历的特定心理,生理和健康相关症状.
- 分析男性和女性耐力运动员所采用的主要原因和恢复方法.
主要方法:
- 对82名耐力运动员 (40名女性) 进行了在线问卷调查,他们的表现水平为3级或更高.
- 参与者报告了训练负载监测和表现不佳的经验,包括原因,症状和恢复策略.
- 数据分析的重点是确定男性和女性运动员反应之间的显著差异.
主要成果:
- 心理症状是最常见的 (31%),女性运动员更频繁地经历 (38%对25%).
- 疾病 (21%) 和精神/情绪挑战 (20%) 是主要原因;女性提到营养挑战 (9%对1%),男性提到训练错误 (15%对9%).
- 虽然67%的患者康复了,但男性的康复率更高 (76%vs. 58%),并且更频繁地实施培训变化 (62%vs. 35%).
结论:
- 耐力运动员表现不佳的原因和症状存在显著的性别差异.
- 调查结果突出了预防和管理表现不佳的性别具体方法的需要.
- 教练和运动员可以利用这些见解来制定更有效的训练和恢复策略.
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