在未注释的病理幻灯片上使用自我监督学习绘制组织形态癌症表型的地图
Adalberto Claudio Quiros1,2, Nicolas Coudray3,4,5, Anna Yeaton6
1School of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
Nature communications
|June 11, 2024
概括
这项研究介绍了Histomorphological Phenotype Learning,一种自我监督的方法,用于分析没有标签的癌症显微镜图像. 它发现了与患者存活率和癌症类型相关的独特组织表型.
科学领域:
- 计算病理学计算病理学
- 数字病理学数字病理学
- 机器学习在瘤学中
背景情况:
- 病理学家对癌症显微镜图像的解释是耗时的,主观的,容易产生偏见.
- 监督深度学习需要昂贵,高质量的注释,限制了其应用.
- 组织病理学图像的自动化分析对于客观的癌症诊断和管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种自我监督的深度学习方法,用于在组织病理学图像中自动发现特征.
- 从未标记的显微镜数据创建一个组织形态表型图谱 (HP-Atlas).
- 将发现的表型与临床结果,瘤类型和分子形状联系起来.
主要方法:
- 基因形态现象学习 (HPL) 使用自我监督学习来识别图像中的歧视性特征.
- 图像被聚集成形态上相似的群体,形成HP-Atlas.
- 坐标方法验证了这些星团的独特特征及其生物相关性.
主要成果:
- 该HP-Atlas揭示了从良性到恶性组织的轨迹,包括炎症和反应性表型.
- 在肺癌中,发现的表型与患者存活率,瘤类型和免疫表型转录组学有很强的相关性.
- 这些发现是强大的,可以在多种癌症类型中复制.
结论:
- 自主监督学习为计算病理学中的组织形态学分析提供了一个强大的,无标签的方法.
- 该HP-Atlas为了解组织异质性及其临床影响提供了一个新的框架.
- 该方法方便客观,可扩展和数据驱动的洞察到癌症生物学和患者分层.
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