反体制情绪:现实的和象征性的威胁评估预测了民粹主义态度和阴谋思维
David Abadi1, Jan Willem van Prooijen2,3,4, André Krouwel5
1Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Cognition & emotion
|June 12, 2024
概括
感觉受到威胁,无论是现实的危险还是象征性的危险,都会增加反体制的态度. 这表明情绪,而不仅仅是威胁的原因,驱动着民粹主义态度和阴谋心态.
科学领域:
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 政治心理学 政治心理学
背景情况:
- 人民主义态度和阴谋思维与威胁感有关.
- 威胁被分类为现实的 (社会经济,健康,气候) 或象征性的 (文化价值).
- 最能预测反体制态度的具体威胁类型仍在争论中.
研究的目的:
- 调查现实和象征性威胁对反体制态度的预测力.
- 测试这种假设,即威胁本身的经验,无论其来源如何,都会影响反体制情绪.
- 支持一种情感评估方法来理解反体制态度.
主要方法:
- 对来自四项强大研究的数据进行了多层次回归分析.
- 数据包括多个时间点和多个国家.
- 措施包括民粹主义态度,阴谋心态以及各种现实和象征性威胁和情绪.
主要成果:
- 现实和象征性威胁都被发现在所有研究中都能积极预测反体制态度.
- 调查结果表明,被威胁的感觉是一个重要的因素.
- 不管引发事件是什么,焦虑和感觉受到威胁都被强调为至关重要.
结论:
- 这项研究支持对反体制态度的情感评估方法.
- 感觉受到威胁,无论威胁的性质 (现实或象征性) 是一个关键预测因素.
- 情绪反应,特别是焦虑,在反体制态度的发展中发挥着核心作用.
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