确定涵盖营养敏感社会保护计划的措施:印度的经验教训
Phuong Hong Nguyen1, Rasmi Avula1, Sumanta Neupane1
1International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, D.C., USA.
Maternal & child nutrition
|June 12, 2024
概括
衡量营养敏感的社会保障 (NSSP) 覆盖面对儿童成长至关重要. 这项研究开发并测试了一份调查问卷,以评估NSSP程序元素,发现可行性,但强调受访者理解和回忆方面的挑战.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 社会政策 社会政策 社会政策
背景情况:
- 在最初的1000天内,儿童的最佳成长取决于特定于营养和敏感的干预措施.
- 测量具有明确营养目标的营养敏感社会保护计划 (NSSP) 在人口层面的覆盖范围仍然是一个挑战.
- 国家养生保障计划的计划通常涉及食品或现金转移,并旨在与健康和营养服务共同覆盖.
研究的目的:
- 设计和完善一个调查问卷来衡量印度NSSP计划在人口层面的覆盖率.
- 评估使用电话调查收集小孩母亲NSSP覆盖率数据的可行性.
- 评估NSSP与基本营养和健康干预措施的共同覆盖.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个调查问卷,涵盖了七个NSSP核心项目元素:转移类型,规模,模式,人口,时间,提供商和条件.
- 利用认知测试来改进问卷术语和提高受访者理解,并纳入区域程序名称.
- 通过电话调查向印度六个州的6627名有两岁以下儿童的母亲提供了精细的问卷.
主要成果:
- 补贴食品覆盖率达到73%的家庭.
- 妇女在怀孕期间 (89%对60%) 和哺乳期间 (75%对13%) 更有可能获得食品转移,而不是现金转移.
- 与营养和健康干预措施同时覆盖NSSP的覆盖率很低,在怀孕期间为16%,在幼儿时期为3%.
结论:
- 使用开发的问卷和电话调查方法,可以测量NSSP的投资覆盖率.
- 认知测试揭示了受访者对NSSP计划条款的理解以及收益收到时间的回忆方面的挑战.
- 需要进一步的研究,以充分评估NSSP福利的充分性,并验证在不同的管理方法 (面对面和电话) 中验证问卷.
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