对大麻使用问题的治疗需求:对来自30个欧洲国家的例行数据进行分析
1Centre of Interdisciplinary Addiction Research (ZIS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany. j.manthey@uke.de.
概括
欧洲对大麻治疗的需求正在上升,但在不同国家之间存在很大的差异. 对于大麻成治疗的需求与实际获取之间存在着越来越大的差距,特别是在法律自由化的国家.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 成研究 研究成研究
- 毒品政策分析 毒品政策分析
背景情况:
- 在过去的十年中,全球大麻使用和对治疗的需求有所增加.
- 以前对大麻治疗需求的分析受到过时数据和方法限制的限制.
- 了解大麻治疗需求的当前趋势和跨国差异对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述欧洲大麻治疗需求的跨国差异和趋势.
- 引入和应用新的指标:可归因于大麻的治疗分数 (CATF) 和治疗用户比率 (TUR).
- 评估大麻治疗需求与实际治疗需求之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 利用了欧洲毒品和毒监测中心 (EMCDDA) 的数据.
- 通过将与大麻相关的治疗入门者与物质使用治疗入门者的总数进行比较,计算了可归因于大麻的治疗分数 (CATF).
- 通过将大麻治疗初学者与频繁使用大麻的估计人数进行比较来计算治疗用户比率 (TUR).
主要成果:
- 在欧洲,大麻治疗的需求差异很大 (CATF:3%-65%),东欧国家的比例较低.
- 在20个国家,CATF从2013年的29.4%增加到2020年的37.1%.
- 大约每100个经常使用大麻的人中有3个寻求治疗 (TUR),在大多数国家,治疗需求的增长速度比需求增长速度慢,这表明治疗差距越来越大.
结论:
- 大麻是欧洲物质使用治疗的主要原因,占三分之一的新进入者,国家间差异很大.
- 对大麻使用问题的治疗差距越来越大,这表明治疗需求跟不上治疗需求.
- 监测大麻治疗获取和需求的变化至关重要,特别是在正在进行大麻法律自由化的国家.
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