自闭症儿童对字母和数字的兴趣增加
Alexia Ostrolenk1,2,3,4, David Gagnon1,2, Mélanie Boisvert1,2
1Département de Psychiatrie et d'Addictologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada.
Molecular autism
|June 12, 2024
概括
与非自闭症同龄人相比,自闭症儿童对字母和数字的兴趣明显更高,即使是最小的语言. 这表明在自闭症中获得语言的另一个发展途径.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学是发展心理学.
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 超阅读症的特点是对书面材料的强烈兴趣和阅读理解缺陷,影响高达20%的自闭症患者.
- 这种兴趣可能代表了自闭症患者对书面语言更广泛的迷恋的极端表现.
- 了解这种现象对于理解自闭症谱系障碍的语言发展至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 对自闭症儿童的书面材料兴趣的流行和特征进行调查.
- 为了比较自闭症和非自闭症儿童之间这种兴趣的程度和性质.
- 探索发育时间和与口语语言技能的潜在联系.
主要方法:
- 评估了包括自闭症和非自闭症个体在内的701名7岁以下儿童的大队伍.
- 顺序逻辑回归和线性回归分析了诊断和对字母和数字的兴趣水平之间的关联.
- 父母问卷和考克斯的比例危险模型检查了出现的年龄和与这些兴趣相关的特定行为.
主要成果:
- 22-37%的自闭症儿童对字母表现出强烈的兴趣;这种兴趣是非自闭症儿童的2.78倍.
- 自闭症儿童对数字的兴趣是自闭症儿童的3.49倍,不管他们的语言能力 (76%是最小的或非语言的).
- 这些兴趣的出现在自闭症和典型发育的儿童之间没有区别,并且独立于口语语言水平.
结论:
- 自闭症儿童对书面语言的强烈兴趣的早期出现与口头语言发展的缺陷相吻合.
- 这种早熟的兴趣表明,自闭症患者的语言学习可能会遵循不同的发展轨迹.
- 对自闭症语言发展的替代途径的进一步研究是有必要的.
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