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空气的速度和方向会影响在温和环境中走路和跑步时的代谢和温度调节反应
Naoyuki Yamashita1,2, Cynthia L Ly1,3, James W Smallcombe4
1Environmental Ergonomics Research Centre, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom.
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|June 13, 2024
概括
空气阻力显著影响运行代谢,逆风增加氧气消耗,尾风减少. 这些效应在速度超过4米/秒时最为明显,影响了室内跑步与室外跑步的比较.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 环境工程学环境工程学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 关于空气阻力和新陈代谢率的经典研究存在局限性,包括小样本大小和风条件.
- 之前的研究没有充分控制运动期间体温升高的混效应.
研究的目的:
- 重新评估空气阻力对跑步的代谢影响,解决先前研究的局限性.
- 在受控环境中量化风速和风向对氧气消耗和心率的影响.
- 为了比较室内跑步机跑步和室外跑步期间空气运动对新陈代谢的影响.
主要方法:
- 14名参与者 (8名男性,6名女性) 在一个定制的风洞中在跑步机上行走和跑步,并减少了流.
- 暴露包括各种风速 (0-6 m/s) 与逆风和尾风条件在一个平衡的设计.
- 实施休息时间以防止身体核心温度升高;测量氧气消耗和心率.
主要成果:
- 氧气消耗与风向,动态压力和空气速度平方 (Vwr2) 有着强烈的线性关系.
- 风的代谢影响在逆风时不那么明显,而不是尾风.
- 显著的生理差异仅在风速为4米/秒及以上时才被观察到.
结论:
- 在每小时14.4公里以下的跑步速度下,室内跑步机和室外跑步机对空气运动的代谢影响相似.
- 与跑步机相比,户外跑步提供了更大的温度调节降温效应,这是由于自发风而产生的.
- 为空气速度/方向效应开发了新的方程,显示较低的对风和较大的尾风影响,而没有运动诱导的核心温度上升.
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