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相关概念视频

Hormones of the Pituitary Gland01:27

Hormones of the Pituitary Gland

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The small, pea-sized pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain. It is crucial in regulating various bodily functions, from growth to reproduction. The gland is divided into the anterior lobe and the posterior lobe. The secretory cell clusters in the pars distalis of the anterior pituitary lobe are controlled by hypothalamic regulators and synthesize six primary hormones.
The most abundantly secreted hormone from the anterior lobe is the growth hormone, which controls overall growth by...
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The Parathyroid Glands00:59

The Parathyroid Glands

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The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by...
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Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

Major Hormones and Their Functions

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Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and...
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Adrenal Gland Disorders01:27

Adrenal Gland Disorders

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Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
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mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

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The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
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Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

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Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 24, 2025

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
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Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas

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[临床活跃的垂体瘤]

Nicole Unger1, Marily Theodoropoulou2, Katharina Schilbach3,4

  • 1Klinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie und Stoffwechsel, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Deutschland.

Innere Medizin (Heidelberg, Germany)
|June 13, 2024
PubMed
概括

由于成像,下垂体瘤的发现越来越多. 由初级保健医生的早期诊断和转诊给内分泌学家对于管理这些瘤至关重要,改善患者的治疗结果.

关键词:
壮成长是一种壮成长.有侵略性的垂体瘤.下垂体的ACTH高分泌孕产腺瘤是什么? 孕产腺瘤是什么 孕产腺瘤是什么产生TSH的腺瘤.

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科学领域:

  • 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
  • 在瘤学瘤学.
  • 诊断成像 诊断成像 诊断成像

背景情况:

  • pituitary 瘤的发病率增加,特别是激素不活性 (HI) 微腺瘤,与广泛的诊断成像相关.
  • 常见的垂体腺瘤包括前性腺瘤,HI,生长激素 (GH),上腺皮质激素 (ACTH) 和甲状腺刺激激素 (TSH) 分泌腺瘤.
  • 虽然通常是良性的,但 pituitary 瘤可以表现出侵略性的生长,入侵,很少发生转移 ( pituitary 癌症).

研究的目的:

  • 突出诊断的挑战,及时识别下垂体瘤的重要性.
  • 强调初级保健医生和内分泌学家在垂体腺瘤的诊断和管理中的作用.
  • 强调早期诊断和治疗对患者发病率,死亡率和生活质量的影响.

主要方法:

  • 对各种垂体腺瘤的临床表现和诊断工作的审查.
  • 强调内分泌检测,病史,临床检查和实验室诊断.
  • 讨论由于非特异性症状和常见的并发症导致的诊断困难.

主要成果:

  • 由于特异性症状和高血性乳腺瘤,性乳腺瘤往往是及时诊断的.
  • 由于非特异性症状,诊断其他分泌激素的腺瘤 (壮症,库辛氏病,TSHoma) 是具有挑战性的.
  • 伴随性疾病可以掩盖或推迟考虑垂体腺瘤作为潜在原因.

结论:

  • 及时诊断和适当治疗垂体瘤显著影响患者的结果.
  • 初级保健医生在早期发现垂体腺瘤方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
  • 向内分泌学家推对于最佳诊断和治疗垂体腺瘤至关重要.