糖尿病前期进展和逆转:社会因素和种族/民族差异
Sabrina D Wang1, Kristen E Wroblewski2, James Iveniuk3
1Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
西班牙裔/拉丁裔人从糖尿病前期呈现出更高的糖尿病进展率,而黑人人则有较低的逆转率. 社会因素影响了西班牙裔/拉丁裔的进展,突出了对文化定制糖尿病预防的需要.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学和新陈代谢学
- 健康差距 研究 研究 研究 研究
- 健康的社会决定因素
背景情况:
- 种族和民族少数群体的糖尿病率不成比例地高.
- 家庭结构,社会支持和孤独等社会特征可能会加剧这些健康差异.
- 了解不同人群中葡萄糖代谢的纵向变化 (从糖尿病前期到糖尿病或血糖常态) 是至关重要的.
研究的目的:
- 在多样化的老年成人群体中,评估从糖尿病前期到糖尿病的进展率和逆转到正常血糖的纵向速度.
- 检查种族/种族和社会变量对这些血糖过渡的影响.
- 确定文化特定干预措施的潜在目标,以减少糖尿病差异.
主要方法:
- 对2229个人和2625个随访间隔进行的长度健康和退休研究 (2006-2014) 的分析.
- 使用HbA1c水平和医生诊断的糖尿病状况评估4年进展和逆转率.
- 应用基平方和后勤回归模型,控制并发病和人口统计,分析种族/种族和社会因素.
主要成果:
- 总的来说,从糖尿病前期恢复到正常血糖 (36%) 比糖尿病进展 (17%) 更常见.
- 与白人相比,西班牙裔/拉丁裔个体表现出更高的进展率,而黑人个体表现出更低的逆转率.
- 社会变量,特别是家庭依赖和西班牙裔/拉丁裔中较低的孤独感,降低了进展率,但没有影响黑人逆转率.
结论:
- 对于西班牙裔/拉丁裔和黑人来说,在糖尿病发展方面存在着不同的过渡途径和社会特征.
- 社会因素对西班牙裔/拉丁裔的糖尿病进展有显著影响,但对黑人来说,糖尿病的逆转并非如此.
- 针对社会决定因素的文化定制干预措施对于缓解糖尿病差异至关重要.
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