根据SARS-CoV-2的Delta和Omicron变体对TMPRSS2的使用的差异:这可能意味着儿童突然增加
Sosuke Kakee1,2, Kyosuke Kanai1, Akeno Tsuneki-Tokunaga1
1Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan.
PloS one
|June 13, 2024
概括
与德尔塔病毒不同的是,Omicron变异需要较少的TMPRSS2进入细胞,从而促进其在儿童中传播. 这种对TMPRSS2的减少依赖解释了在Omicron波期间儿童COVID-19病例的增加.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 奥米克朗波导致儿童中COVID-19病例的增加.
- 对于某些SARS-CoV-2变种的病毒入口至关重要的是TMPRSS2 (跨膜蛋白酶,血清2).
- 儿科呼吸道中较低的TMPRSS2表达被假定会影响Omicron的传播.
研究的目的:
- 调查TMPRSS2在SARS-CoV-2三角形和奥米克朗变种差异性传播中的作用.
- 评估TMPRSS2对不同年龄组的Omicron变种进入的要求.
- 分析本土和外国SARS-CoV-2菌株的遗传相关性.
主要方法:
- 从土著人口中分离出流行性SARS-CoV-2菌株.
- 在Vero细胞中评估Delta和Omicron变异扩散所需的TMPRSS2水平 (TMPRSS2-阳性和阴性).
- 遗传学分析和BLAST对病毒分离物的搜索.
主要成果:
- 与TMPRSS2-阴性细胞相比,Delta变异在TMPRSS2-阳性细胞中表现出明显更高的增殖率 (350倍的差异).
- 欧米克朗变异显示TMPRSS2-阳性和阴性细胞 (9.6倍差异) 之间的增殖差异很小.
- 对于Omicron菌株 (成人与儿童) 没有观察到TMPRSS2的显著年龄依赖选择.
- 本地菌株与外国分离物具有>99.5%的同质性,表明长期存在的全球循环.
结论:
- 由于Omicron减少了对TMPRSS2-介导裂变的需求,这有助于其有效的增殖和传播,特别是在具有较低TMPRSS2表达的年轻人群中.
- 这种TMPRSS2-独立的进入机制有助于增加儿童中Omicron的流行潜力.
- 这些发现表明,由于Omicron的改变进入机制,其增强的传播能力具有全球适用性.
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