耐用性和潜在的生理因素:在半专业骑自行车者中,它们在整个骑自行车赛季中如何变化?
Jens G Voet1, Robert P Lamberts2, Aitor Viribay3,4
1Department of Human Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
概括
短时赛 (TT1min) 的骑自行车表现受到疲劳的影响更大,但经过一个赛季,耐久性会得到改善. 包括基质氧化在内的生理变化解释了骑自行车者的这些性能适应.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 骑自行车表现 骑自行车表现
背景情况:
- 了解疲劳如何影响骑自行车的表现对于训练至关重要.
- 调查与疲劳和表现有关的生理变化,在一个赛季提供了关于适应的见解.
研究的目的:
- 为了检查整个赛季,在新鲜和疲劳状态下,骑自行车计时赛 (TT) 表现的变化.
- 为了将这些性能变化与生理因素相关联,如总效率,能量消耗 (EE) 和基质氧化 (脂肪氧化[FatOx]和碳水化合物氧化[CarbOx]).
主要方法:
- 16名男性半专业骑自行车者在赛季的三个点 (PRE,START,IN) 进行了测试.
- 在新鲜和疲劳状态下,通过1分钟 (TT1min) 和10分钟 (TT10min) 的最大时间试验来评估性能.
- 包括总效率,EE,FatOx和CarbOx在内的生理测量在亚最大升温期间被记录下来.
主要成果:
- 在疲劳状态下,TT1min的平均输出功率 (PO) 减少,但TT10min PO保持不变.
- 耐久性 (疲劳状态TT1minPO) 在本赛季比新鲜状态PO有所改善.
- 脂肪氧增加,碳氧减少到疲劳状态,这些变化在赛季期间减少,表明碳氧在疲劳中的贡献增加.
结论:
- 短时间的TT性能 (TT1min) 比较长时间 (TT10min) 更容易受到疲劳的影响.
- 自行车季节的适应增强了耐用性,超过了最大的新鲜功率输出,反映在基板氧化转移中.
- 生理适应,特别是基板利用,支着一个赛季骑自行车耐用性的改进.
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