自闭症幼儿的区域大脑结构的差异与未来的语言结果有关
Kuaikuai Duan1, Lisa Eyler2,3, Karen Pierce4
1Autism Center of Excellence, Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA. kuaikuaiduan@gmail.com.
Nature communications
|June 13, 2024
概括
自闭症幼儿的大脑差异可以预测未来的语言技能. 早期识别时间,形和额头区域的这些大脑变化,可以改善语言结果预测.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 在幼儿中呈现出可变的语言和社会症状轨迹.
- 仅使用临床数据来预测自闭症幼儿的长期语言结果是具有挑战性的.
研究的目的:
- 识别自闭症幼儿早期大脑结构变化,从而预测未来的语言能力.
- 评估这些大脑差异对语言发展的预后价值.
主要方法:
- 分析了166名自闭症和109名典型幼儿的纵向结构磁共振成像 (MRI) 扫描.
- 大脑区域包括,状,下额,中线结构,大脑体和小脑在各组之间进行了比较.
- 一个由75名幼儿组成的独立队列验证了这些发现.
主要成果:
- 自闭症幼儿表现出不同的大脑形态:较大/较厚的状和状区域;较小/较薄的下额叶和中线结构;较大的状子区域;以及较小的小脑.
- 这些神经解剖学差异在6个月的随访后改善了对语言结果的预测.
- 大脑变化与自闭症症状严重程度和认知障碍相关.
结论:
- 自闭症幼儿的早期大脑结构差异是语言发育的预后.
- 时间,形和额头区域的特定变化是关键预测因素.
- 将神经成像与临床数据相结合,可以提高对自闭症患者语言能力的早期预测.
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