室内空气质量的二氧化碳指南:一项审查
Mark J Mendell1, Wenhao Chen2, Dilhara R Ranasinghe2
1California Department of Public Health, Center for Laboratory Science, Air Quality Section, Richmond, CA, USA. mark.mendell@cdph.ca.gov.
Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology
|June 13, 2024
概括
大多数室内二氧化碳 (CO2) 准则缺乏证据证明它们的极限,很少有针对健康影响或传染病传播的指南. 为了在建筑物中设置二氧化碳限值,需要科学基础.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 建筑科学 建筑科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 建筑通风对健康至关重要,特别是COVID-19后,通过稀释室内污染物.
- 室内空气质量 (IAQ) 准则通常使用二氧化碳 (CO2) 水平作为通风率 (VR) 的代理.
- 支持IAQ当前二氧化碳指南的科学证据往往不清楚或缺乏.
研究的目的:
- 对与IAQ和通风相关的全球室内二氧化碳指南进行全面审查.
- 评估支持本指南中指定的二氧化碳限值的科学证据.
主要方法:
- 系统地确定全球基于二氧化碳的IAQ或通风指南.
- 职业指南的排除 CO2 极限在 5000 ppm 或以上.
- 分析引用的证据,以支持建立的二氧化碳度极限值.
主要成果:
- 在43个指导方针中,大多数指导方针设定了单一的二氧化碳限值 (35),其中1000ppm是常见的;很少有与特定健康影响相关的限值.
- 臭味不满是最常被引用的原因 (19条指导方针),其次是非传染性健康影响 (5) 和传染性疾病 (3).
- 只有18条指导方针引用了支持证据,只有8条被认为是有说服力的;一个指导方针使用了科学模型来控制COVID-19的传播.
结论:
- 许多当前的二氧化碳指南缺乏明显的控制不良影响,仅限于对健康或传染病传播的关注.
- 支持大多数二氧化碳限制的证据是微弱的或不存在的,质疑他们对各种建筑类型的IAQ的科学依据.
- 建立一个通用的二氧化碳限值,使用时间加权平均值,或单次测量来验证VR缺乏科学理由.
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