基于五种机器学习算法,对患有癌症相关疼痛的患者的阿片类药物不依赖风险预测
Jinmei Liu1,2, Juan Luo1,2, Xu Chen1,2
1Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China.
Pain research & management
|June 14, 2024
概括
机器学习准确地预测了癌症患者的阿片类药物不坚持. 这允许主动干预以改善疼痛管理和治疗效率.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 疼痛管理 疼痛管理
- 机器学习 机器学习
背景情况:
- 阿片类药物不是有效的癌症疼痛管理的主要障碍.
- 目前用于预测癌症患者吸食阿片类药物的方法不足.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证一种机器学习 (ML) 模型,用于预测癌症患者的阿片类药物不坚持.
- 评估开发的ML模型的临床可行性,以优化癌症疼痛管理.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及1195名癌症患者的横截面研究的二次分析.
- 使用了五种ML算法 (逻辑回归,随机森林,极端梯度提升,多层感知子,支持向量机器).
- 使用AUC-ROC,准确度,精度,灵敏度,特异性和F1得分来评估预测准确度,通过决策曲线分析 (DCA) 评估临床效用.
主要成果:
- 后勤回归 (LR) 模型表现出最佳性能,AUC-ROC为0.82,精度为0.82,特异性为0.71.
- 决策曲线分析表明,LR模型可以为高风险患者指导有益的临床干预措施.
- 坚持的关键预测因素包括对药物问卷 (BMQ) 危害的信念,阿片类药物开始以来的时间和BMQ的必要性.
结论:
- 机器学习模型,特别是后勤回归,可以有效地预测癌症患者的阿片类药物不坚持.
- 这种预测能力使积极的临床干预能够增强癌症疼痛管理.
- 该研究强调了ML在癌症幸存者个性化疼痛治疗策略中的潜力.
相关概念视频
Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids
275
Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
275
Cancer Survival Analysis
342
Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
342
Analgesia and Pain Management
575
Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
575
Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners
231
Opioids are a class of drugs that mimic endogenous opioid peptides and act on opioid receptors, and help in pain relief. These compounds are classified as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Natural opioids, like morphine, codeine, and thebaine, are derived from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum or Papaver album) and are termed opiates. Synthetic opioids are artificial, while semi-synthetic opioids combine natural and synthetic compounds. Morphine, a prototypical opioid, possesses a...
231


