在成年后期进行类似的定期非结构化或竞争性体育活动的影响:一个横截面研究
M Palumbo1,2, R Modena1, L Bortolan1,3
1CeRiSM (Research Center Sport Mountain and Health), University of Verona and Trento, Rovereto, Italy.
Frontiers in sports and active living
|June 14, 2024
概括
老年人的竞技训练提供了超越常规体育活动的优越健康益处,包括更好的身体组成和力量. 积极炼是成功衰老和维持生活质量的关键.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 体育科学 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 运动大师是成功衰老的典范,但竞争训练与一般体育活动对与年龄相关的生理衰退的具体影响仍然不清楚.
- 了解这些差异对于促进健康衰老策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较竞争力 (C) 主体运动员和身体活动 (A) 的老年人与匹配的每周体育活动 (PA) 水平之间的健康相关参数.
- 调查竞争性训练与一般活动对生理功能和老化中的幸福感的影响.
主要方法:
- 十七名竞技运动员和17名身体活跃的个人因年龄和每周的PA (GPAQ) 相匹配.
- 评估的参数包括身体组成,最大力量 (腿/手臂),平衡,反应时间,运动效率,估计的VO2max和VO2/HR关系.
- 使用SF-36和PSQI问卷评估生活和睡眠质量,并使用双向ANOVA进行分析.
主要成果:
- 竞争力强的运动员将更多的时间用于充满活力的PA,同时减少适度的日常工作和积极的通勤.
- 具有竞争力的运动员表现出明显更好的身体构成和更高的腿部力量,并趋向于更大的手臂力量.
- 在老年活跃成年人中,平衡性下降,而反应时间,运动效率和VO2/HR关系在各组之间是相似的. 在竞技运动员中,估计的腿部VO2max高于竞技运动员.
结论:
- 无论是竞争性还是非竞争性,正常的PA每周大约有6,000个MET,与久坐行为相比,对健康有好处.
- 竞争性训练在身体组成,肌肉力量和腿部VO2max方面提供了额外的优势.
- 鼓励活跃的生活方式对于长期健康和生活质量至关重要,尽管强度训练的适用性需要专家评估.
相关概念视频
01:30Cognitive Development During Adulthood
88
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
88
02:20Longitudinal Research
11.9K
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
11.9K
01:26Aging
41
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
41
01:26Longitudinal Studies
156
Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
156
01:50Cross-Sectional Research
11.3K
In cross-sectional research, a researcher compares multiple segments of the population at the same time. If they were interested in people's dietary habits, the researcher might directly compare different groups of people by age. Instead of following a group of people for 20 years to see how their dietary habits changed from decade to decade, the researcher would study a group of 20-year-old individuals and compare them to a group of 30-year-old individuals and a group of 40-year-old...
11.3K
02:12Relationship Formation
40.0K
What do you think is the single most influential factor in determining with whom you become friends and whom you form romantic relationships? You might be surprised to learn that the answer is simple: the people with whom you have the most contact. This most important factor is proximity. You are more likely to be friends with people you have regular contact with. For example, there are decades of research that shows that you are more likely to become friends with people who live in your dorm,...
40.0K