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防止足球运动热中风:是时候改变范式了
Scott A Anderson1, E Randy Eichner2, Scott Bennett3
1College Athletic Trainers Society, Norman, Oklahoma.
Sports health
|June 14, 2024
概括
足球调节带来了高风险的运动热中风 (EHS),特别是在线人. 预防需要特定位置的训练,对热量进行修改的活动,并避免作为惩罚的身体炼.
科学领域:
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 环境生理学环境生理学
- 伤害预防 预防伤害
背景情况:
- 在美国体育运动中,足球体育表现出运动热中风 (EHS) 的最高发病率,100%的死亡事故发生在训练期间.
- 线人代表高风险人群,占足球EHS死亡的97%,原因是他们获得更快的热量和更慢的冷却速度.
研究的目的:
- 分析足球运动中运动热中风 (EHS) 的原因.
- 确定足球中EHS的有效预防策略,特别是对线人来说.
主要方法:
- 在青年,高中和大学水平上对有组织,监督的足球进行了案例系列分析.
- 数据来自国家灾难性体育伤害登记处,媒体报道,尸检结果和发表的医学文献.
- 使用PubMed进行文献搜索,使用术语"足球"",强迫性热中风"和"预防".
主要成果:
- 足球运动中的强迫性热中风与非位置特定的调节,作为惩罚的体力炼,不充分的热/湿度修改,延迟识别EHS症状和延迟冷却有关.
- 由于热调节的生理差异,线人特别容易受到伤害.
结论:
- 预防措施包括职位特定的训练,基于热负荷的活动修改,以及避免作为惩罚的身体炼.
- 消除不合适的演练,调节测试和连续冲刺对于线人来说至关重要.
- 在热练习期间考虑为线人提供空调设施,并根据比赛需求培训他们,这是推的策略.
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