数百个LTR12C元素的有效激活揭示了由不同的表观遗传机制决定的cis调节功能
Hitoshi Ohtani1,2, Minmin Liu1, Gangning Liang3
1Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA.
Nucleic acids research
|June 14, 2024
概括
内源逆转录病毒的长终端重复 (LTR) 可以调节基因表达. 利用CRISPR激活,研究人员在控制附近蛋白质编码基因的LTR12C元素中确定了两个表观遗传特征.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
- 复原病毒学 复原病毒学
背景情况:
- 长终端重复 (LTR) 是内源逆转录病毒 (ERV) 的调节元素.
- LTRs通常由表观遗传标记沉默,但可以通过抑制剂激活.
- 表观遗传抑制剂显著激活LTR12C家族,但它们的调节作用尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究激活的LTR12C元素如何调节宿主基因表达.
- 为了确定与LTR12C转录激活相关的特定表观遗传特征.
主要方法:
- 使用特定站点的CRISPR激活 (CRISPRa) 系统 (dCas9-SunTag-VP64) 来对600多个LTR12C元素进行交易.
- 在激活的LTR12C位置分析了表观遗传修饰 (H3K27ac,H3K4me3).
- 评估了对近端蛋白质编码基因表达的影响.
主要成果:
- 经过交易激活的LTR12C元件主要获得了增强器标记 (H3K27ac).
- 一个较小的子集 (20%) 也显示了促进体标记 (H3K4me3),通常与下游逆转移体区域相关联.
- 确定了两个与LTR12C激活和基因调节相关的独特表观遗传特征.
结论:
- 克里斯普拉能够精确激活LTR元素,以研究它们的调节功能.
- 在激活时,LTR12C元素表现出不同的表观遗传状态,影响相邻的基因表达.
- 这项研究提供了关于ERV LTRs调节宿主基因调节的表观遗传机制的见解.
更多相关视频
10:44In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing
Published on: May 5, 2023
1.4K
13:47Lentiviral Vector Platform for the Efficient Delivery of Epigenome-editing Tools into Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Disease Models
Published on: March 29, 2019
9.5K
相关概念视频
Co-activators and Co-repressors
7.3K
Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
7.3K
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins
9.2K
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
9.2K
Cis-regulatory Sequences
9.8K
Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
9.8K
Epigenetic Regulation
3.0K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
X-chromosome...
3.0K
Master Transcription Regulators
6.9K
Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
6.9K
Eukaryotic Transcription Activators
11.0K
Transcription activators are proteins that promote the transcription of genes from DNA to RNA. In most cases, these proteins contain two separate domains ‒ a domain that binds to DNA and a domain for activating transcription; however, in some cases, a single domain is responsible for both binding and activation of transcription, as seen in the glucocorticoid receptor and MyoD.
The binding domains are capable of recognizing and interacting with regulatory sequences on the DNA. These...
The binding domains are capable of recognizing and interacting with regulatory sequences on the DNA. These...
11.0K
