[皮肤病:局部和全身抗真菌治疗]
Pietro Nenoff1, Esther Klonowski2, Silke Uhrlaß2
1Labor Leipzig-Mölbis, labopart - Medizinische Laboratorien, Mölbiser Hauptstr. 8, 04571, Rötha/OT Mölbis, Deutschland. p.nenoff@labopart.de.
Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany)
|June 14, 2024
概括
局部和口服抗真菌药物治疗各种真菌感染,如酵母菌和皮肤菌. 耐药性测试对于有效的治疗至关重要,特别是对特尔比纳耐药菌株的耐药性测试,而伊特拉科纳通常是替代方案.
科学领域:
- 皮肤病学 皮肤病学
- 菌类学 菌类学是指菌类学.
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 真菌感染,包括由皮肤菌和酵母菌引起的真菌感染,很常见,需要有效的抗真菌疗法.
- 局部和口服抗真菌药物是治疗的主要支柱,可用于不同类型的感染的各种类别.
- 新出现的挑战包括抗真菌耐药性,需要准确的诊断和量身定制的治疗策略.
研究的目的:
- 为表面真菌感染提供当前抗真菌疗法的全面概述.
- 突出物种和基因型识别在指导治疗决策中的重要性,特别是在耐药性病例中.
- 讨论耐火性真菌感染的替代和新兴治疗方法.
主要方法:
- 审查有关局部和口服抗真菌剂的现有文献.
- 对常见的真菌感染的治疗指导方针的分析,如角膜炎,白色皮病,皮肤植物病,头炎和乳头炎.
- 包括关于药物耐药性模式和激光和光动力疗法等替代疗法的信息.
主要成果:
- 局部抗真菌药物 (例如,阿莫罗芬,阿佐尔) 对皮肤菌感染有效,而聚烯 (例如,尼斯塔丁) 用于酵母菌感染.
- 口服三醇 (例如,可纳,伊特拉可纳) 仅用于严重的酵母菌感染和全身性皮肤植物病,如头炎和桃菌病.
- 在某些*Trichophyton*物种 (例如, *T. mentagrophytes* ITS基因型VIII, *T. rubrum*) 中的terbinafine耐药性需要耐药性测试和像itraconazole这样的替代治疗方法.
结论:
- 准确识别真菌物种和耐药性测试对于成功治疗表面真菌病至关重要.
- 通常建议使用口服和局部抗真菌药物的联合治疗.
- 像激光和光动力疗法这样的新兴疗法为治疗耐药病例提供了替代方案.
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