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压力计训练技术对篮球运动员垂直跳的效果的影响
Rafail Georgios Pechlivanos1, Ioannis G Amiridis1, Nikolaos Anastasiadis1
1Laboratory of Neuromechanics, School of Physical Education and Sport Science (Serres), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
European journal of sport science
|June 14, 2024
概括
针对不同腿部肌肉的平衡训练计划产生了不同的跳跃表现. 膝盖伸展训练提高了反应性跳跃,而膝盖曲训练改善了静态跳跃,证明了篮球运动员的训练特异性.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 压力计训练对于提高运动表现至关重要,特别是在需要爆炸性运动的篮球等体育运动中.
- 训练的特殊性意味着,对平度运动的适应性取决于运动模式和目标肌肉群.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较两个不同的平衡训练方案 - - 一个针对膝盖延伸器,另一个针对脚部 flexors - - 对篮球运动员的跳跃高度和腿部肌肉力量的影响.
- 研究与不同压力测量协议相关的训练特异性原则及其对各种跳跃能力的影响.
主要方法:
- 29名男性篮球运动员被分为三个组:膝盖曲型复合计 (KF),膝盖延伸型复合计 (KE) 和对照组.
- KF组从更高的箱子跳跃,膝盖曲更大,而KE组使用更低的箱子,膝盖伸展更大.
- 用式跳跃 (SJs),反运动跳跃 (CMJs) 和从不同高度跳下跳跃 (DJs) 来评估跳跃能力. 还测量了肌肉强度和EMG活性.
主要成果:
- KF组在SJ和CMJ方面有所改善,但跳跃高度下降,表明反应性跳跃的负转移.
- KE组在跳跃跳跃中表现出更好的表现,并增加了脚部 flexor 的强度,但在静态跳跃中没有显著的改善.
- 反应性指数在KE组中增加了跳跃跳跃,但在KF组下降了,支持培训特异性的原则.
结论:
- 不同的压力计训练方案导致跳跃能力和肌肉力量的特定适应.
- 旨在提高反应性跳跃能力的篮球运动员,例如快速反弹,应该优先考虑重视膝盖伸展的平度练习,并尽量减少长时间的地面接触时间.
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