阐明光合作用和细菌的共同进化
Arisa Nishihara1, Yusuke Tsukatani2,3, Chihiro Azai4,5
1Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, The National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ibaraki 305-0817, Japan.
概括
生活生活生活生活生活生活生活生活
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 地质地质地质地质地质地
背景情况:
- 光合作用极大地塑造了地球的生物圈,但其在细菌中的进化历史尚不清楚.
- 地质记录对早期光合作用的遗传基础提供了有限的见解.
- 了解光能捕获和碳固定之间的相互作用对于破译早期生命演变至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了重建光合作用和碳固定在细菌的进化历史.
- 为了确定光合作用细菌的共同祖先及其代谢能力.
- 追踪光代谢和细菌多样化的共同进化.
主要方法:
- 超过1万个细菌基因组的整体遗传学比较.
- 对编码光合作用机制的基因的分析 (反应中心,[细菌]合成酶,-酸酶).
- 卡尔文-本森-巴沙姆循环酶 (I型RuBisCO,基酶) 演变的重建.
主要成果:
- 光代谢和碳固定机械的祖先映射到一个古老的Terrabacteria生物体,最后一个光的共同祖先 (LPCA).
- LPCA是一种无氧光,具有碳固定和两个反应中心,早于氧光合作用.
- хлорофототрофи起源于LPCA之前,氧光合作用后来在后代血统中出现.
结论:
- 细菌中光代谢和碳固定的进化是深深交织在一起的,起源于一个单一的祖先生物体.
- 这种祖先细菌奠定了多样化的光营养生命的基础,改变了地球的生物圈.
- 这些发现与地质证据一致,为早期细菌进化和光合作用的兴起提供了详细的观点.
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