城市水域中微塑料和纳米塑料的差异:环境行为,危害和清除
Shuan Liu1, Qiqing Chen2, Haojie Ding3
1Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
Water research
|June 14, 2024
概括
微塑料 (MP) 和纳米塑料 (NP) 在水生系统中构成风险. 这篇综述区分了国会议员和NP,分析了清除方法,并强调了清洁水的先进技术.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 水处理 处理水的方法
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
背景情况:
- 微塑料 (MP) 和纳米塑料 (NP) 是水生环境中普遍存在的污染物,引发了全球健康问题.
- 纳米塑料由于尺寸较小,比微塑料具有更高的透性和潜在的更大的风险.
- 现有的审查往往无法区分国会议员和国民议员,将他们的属性和行为混为一谈.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较不同的物理化学特性和MP和NP的环境行为.
- 审查和分析目前和新兴的技术,以从水系统中去除MP和NP.
- 根据塑料的特性和环境因素,为选择适当的去除策略提供指导.
主要方法:
- 对MP和NP的物理化学特性和环境行为进行比较分析.
- 概述和批判性评价传统的废水和饮用水处理厂清除技术.
- 综合审查先进的分离和降解技术,包括新兴的凝固剂,新型过器,膜,光催化,芬顿,臭氧和硫酸盐氧化.
主要成果:
- 与纳米塑料相比,微塑料在分离过程中被更有效地去除.
- 纳米塑料比微塑料更容易通过先进的氧化过程降解.
- 分析各种移除技术的详细操作参数,效率,机制,优点和缺点.
结论:
- 有效地去除MP和NP需要根据塑料的尺寸,类型和环境条件进行技术选择.
- 在MP和NP检测,毒性评估和全面清除方面仍然存在重大挑战.
- 本次审查阐明了MP和NP的差异,为城市水系统管理提供了关键的见解.
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