美国室内吸烟和蒸汽限制的报道,1990-2021年
Andrew B Seidenberg1, Karl Braganza1, Maxwell Chomas2
1Truth Initiative Schroder Institute, Washington, District of Columbia.
American journal of preventive medicine
|June 14, 2024
概括
限制室内吸烟和电子烟的政策在美国各地大幅扩大. 然而,对于酒吧,餐厅和工作场所的全面保护仍然使许多人容易受到二手烟和气溶暴露的影响.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
- 环境健康 环境健康
背景情况:
- 暴露于二手烟 (SHS) 对健康构成重大风险,包括过早死亡和疾病,特别是在儿童和非吸烟成年人身上.
- 综合性室内吸烟限制 (ISR) 和室内蒸汽限制 (IVR) 已在美国各州和当地司法管辖区实施,以减轻SHS和二手气溶暴露.
研究的目的:
- 量化美国州和国家对限制室内吸烟和电子烟使用的政策的覆盖范围的时间趋势.
- 评估随着时间的推移,受全面和部分室内吸烟和电子烟限制保护的人口.
主要方法:
- 美国非吸烟者权利基金会对美国ISR (1990-2021) 和IVR (2006-2021) 的数据分析.
- 整合2015年美国人口普查人口估计,以计算居民在酒吧,餐厅和工作场所受到限制的百分比.
- 计算在2023-2024年之间进行,以确定随时间推移的覆盖范围.
主要成果:
- 从1990年到2021年,全国范围内的全面ISR覆盖率在酒吧 (0%-67.3%),餐厅 (0%-78.2%) 和工作场所 (0%-77.5%) 显著增加.
- 从2006年到2021年,酒吧 (0%-43.5%),餐厅 (0%-51.5%) 和工作场所 (0%-53.2%) 的全面IVR覆盖率也增加了.
- 尽管增加了,到2021年,在酒吧 (19个州),餐厅 (12个州) 和工作场所 (14个州) 的综合ISR覆盖率不到50%的人口.
结论:
- 随着时间的推移,通过ISR和IVR保护美国人口免受二手烟和气溶暴露的保护得到了改进.
- 在全面的政策覆盖中仍然存在重大差距,这可能会导致与烟草使用有关的健康差异.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Stimulants
186
Stimulants are substances that enhance neural activity and elevate dopamine levels in the brain, leading to their highly addictive nature. These drugs include cocaine, amphetamines, MDMA, caffeine, and nicotine, each with distinct mechanisms of action and varied health implications.
Cocaine can be administered via snorting, injection, or smoking. It primarily functions by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, resulting in a euphoric high characterized by an intense sensation of happiness and...
Cocaine can be administered via snorting, injection, or smoking. It primarily functions by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, resulting in a euphoric high characterized by an intense sensation of happiness and...
186
Observational Studies
8.4K
Observational studies are a type of analytical study where researchers observe events without any interventions. In other words, the researcher does not influence the response variable or the experiment's outcome.
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One...
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One...
8.4K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction
2.8K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
2.8K
Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data
349
Epidemiological data primarily involves information on specific populations' occurrence, distribution, and determinants of health and diseases. This data is crucial for understanding disease patterns and impacts, aiding public health decision-making and disease prevention strategies. The analysis of epidemiological data employs various statistical methods to interpret health-related data effectively. Here are some commonly used methods:
349
Inhaled Medications
251
Inhaled medications are crucial for managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. They are essential for effective treatment and control, ensuring optimal respiratory health and well-being. Inhaled medication delivers drugs directly to the lungs, providing a rapid onset of action and reducing systemic side effects compared to oral or injectable medications. Three primary types of inhalation devices are used to administer these medications: nebulizers, metered-dose inhalers...
251
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-V: Management
2.5K
Managing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a multifaceted approach to reduce symptoms, prevent exacerbations, improve overall health status, and slow disease progression. Key strategies include lifestyle modifications, pharmacotherapy, supportive therapies, and, in some cases, surgery. Here is an overview of the primary COPD management strategies:
Smoking Cessation
Smoking Cessation
2.5K


