我们如何教导正念很重要:青少年的发展和非正式正念的重要性
Jessica Mettler1, Stephanie Zito1, Laurianne Bastien1
1McGill University, Faculty of Education, Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, 3700 McTavish, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1Y7, Canada.
Journal of school psychology
|June 14, 2024
概括
非正式的正念实践对青少年来说比正式的更容易获得. 简短的,非正式的正念策略通过增加处置性正念来改善学生的心理健康,福祉和学业成果.
科学领域:
- 教育心理学教育心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 正念研究研究 正念研究
背景情况:
- 青少年的压力很高,学校在学生心理健康支持方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 正式的正念实践 (如冥想) 对于青少年来说往往是具有挑战性的,导致他们在学校的参与度较低.
- 将非正式的正念整合到日常生活中,可能更适合青少年的发育和更容易获得.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较正式与非正式的青少年正念干预措施的可接受性和有效性.
- 研究这些干预措施对心理健康,福祉和教育成果的影响.
- 为学校心理学家提供关于为青少年实施正念策略的建议.
主要方法:
- 一个基于学校的随机实验设计,涉及142名青少年 (73.9%为女性).
- 参与者被分配到一个为期4周的正规正念,非正规正念或比较组.
- 评估包括心理健康,幸福感,教育成果和处置性正念.
主要成果:
- 非正式的正念小组报告了更高的意图频繁使用策略 (p=.025).
- 非正式的正念导致了增加的处置性正念 (p=.049),这促进了抑郁,焦虑,压力,负面影响和注意力控制的改善.
- 发现非正式的正念策略比正式的实践更容易让学生定期使用.
结论:
- 简短的,非正式的正念策略对青少年来说比传统的正式实践更容易获得和更有效.
- 在学校实施非正式的正念可以提高青少年的心理健康,福祉和学业成绩.
- 学校心理学家应该优先考虑教导适合青少年需求的可访问的,非正式的正念策略.
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