奶牛的动机是为了养它们的小牛
Emma Hvidtfeldt Jensen1, Melissa Bateson2, Heather W Neave3,4
1Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark. emma.hvidtfeldt@anivet.au.dk.
Scientific reports
|June 14, 2024
概括
奶牛在每天接触时间逐渐减少时,表现出增加了哺乳小牛的动力. 这表明,奶牛仍然有动力养他们的9到10周大的小牛,即使接触减少.
科学领域:
- 动物行为 动物行为
- 乳制品科学 乳制品科学
- 哺乳动物的哺乳期 哺乳期
背景情况:
- 雌性哺乳动物在哺乳期自然会限制哺乳的机会.
- 了解奶牛的动机对于优化小牛养殖和牛奶生产至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查是否减少奶牛和小牛之间的每日接触时间会影响奶牛的哺乳动机.
- 评估逐渐分离是否通过改变母亲的动机来刺激断奶.
主要方法:
- 84对荷尔斯坦-弗里西亚牛-小牛对被安置在全职 (23小时/天),兼职 (10小时/天) 或没有接触小组七周.
- 在第8周和第9周,对半个全职和兼职组的接触逐渐减少.
- 用加权推门和最高价格支付方法测量了奶牛哺乳动机.
主要成果:
- 与接触不变的奶牛相比,经历了少量的小牛接触的奶牛对完全接触和哺乳机会的动机更高.
- 使用替代选择 (加权推进门) 的比例低于预期,这表明挫折,但继续护理驱动.
- 奶牛在日常接触减少时,表现出持续的动机来哺乳他们的9至10周大的小牛.
结论:
- 减少每日接触时间可以增加奶牛哺乳小牛的动力.
- 奶牛表现出强烈的,持续的动机来哺乳小牛高达9-10周的年龄,即使与互动减少.
- 这些发现对断奶策略和了解奶牛养殖中的母子关系有影响.
相关概念视频
Parental Care
11.7K
Many animals exhibit parental care behavior, including feeding, grooming, and protecting young offspring. Parental care is universal in mammals and birds, which often have young that are born relatively helpless. Several species of insects and fish, as well as some amphibians, also care for their young.
11.7K
Imprinting
9.7K
Behavioral imprinting is observed in some newborn animals and occurs when they develop strong and specific attachments to another animal (usually a parent) following brief, early-life exposures. Offspring imprint onto parents within a brief period after birth or hatching; this time window is called the critical period. Once imprinting occurs, the bond established between the parents and their offspring is usually long-lasting.
9.7K
Migration
7.9K
Migration is long-range, seasonal movement from one region or habitat to another. This common strategy, carried out by many different organisms around the world, is an adaptive response that typically corresponds to changes in an organism’s environment, like resource availability or climate. Migrations can involve huge groups of thousands of animals as well as single individuals traveling alone and can range from thousands of kilometers to just a few hundred meters.
7.9K
Tonicity in Animals
3.1K
Tonicity describes the amount of solute in a solution. The measure of the tonicity of a solution, or the total amount of solutes dissolved in a specific amount of solution, is called its osmolarity. Three terms—hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic—are used to relate the osmolarity of a cell to the osmolarity of the extracellular fluid that contains the cells. In a hypotonic solution, such as tap water, the extracellular fluid has a lower concentration of solutes than the fluid inside...
3.1K
Nursing Code of Ethics
2.3K
The Nursing Code of Ethics sets the ethical benchmark for the profession, and guides nurses in ethical analysis and decision making at the societal, organizational, and clinical levels. The code encompasses showing compassion and respect for the patient, their families, and communities in all circumstances while committing to providing patient-centered care. In addition, the code states that nurses must advocate for the patient by defending a cause or recommendation to protect their rights,...
2.3K
The Mammary Glands
512
The female breast is a hemispheric projection of variable size positioned anterior to the pectoralis major and serratus anterior muscles. A fascia layer composed of dense, irregular connective tissue connects it to these muscles.
Each breast features a pigmented projection known as the nipple, through which milk emerges via closely spaced openings of ducts, referred to as lactiferous ducts. Surrounding the nipple is a circular pigmented area of skin named the areola, which appears rough due to...
Each breast features a pigmented projection known as the nipple, through which milk emerges via closely spaced openings of ducts, referred to as lactiferous ducts. Surrounding the nipple is a circular pigmented area of skin named the areola, which appears rough due to...
512


