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用非线性无序介质进行大规模光子计算

Hao Wang^1,2, Jianqi Hu³, Andrea Morandi⁴

¹Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, École Normale Supérieure-Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8552, Collège de France, Paris, France.

Nature computational science

|June 14, 2024

概括

研究人员使用酸纳米晶开发了一种新的非线性光子神经系统. 该系统利用光学非线性和随机散射来实现高性能机器学习任务,克服传统计算的局限性.

科学领域:

光学是什么?光学是什么?光学是什么?
材料科学材料科学材料科学
计算机科学计算机科学

背景情况:

传统计算机面临着计算瓶,需求不断扩大.
光子计算提供并行性,低延迟和能源效率,主要用于线性运算.
开发非线性光子系统对于先进的神经形态计算至关重要.

研究的目的:

为了展示一个大规模的,高性能的非线性光子神经系统.
为了利用光学非线性和随机散射进行复杂的计算.
为了提高机器学习任务性能,超越线性方法.

主要方法:

制造一个不规则的多晶板酸纳米晶的.
利用随机准相匹配和多重散射来产生光学斑点.
在光子系统中将第二和生成集成为内部非线性激活函数.

主要成果:

通过线性散射和第二和生成的相互作用生成复杂的神经网络.
与线性随机投影相比,在图像分类,回归和图形分类任务中取得了更好的性能.
展示了一个可扩展的系统,最多有27,648个输入和3,500个非线性输出节点.

结论:

非线性光子神经系统为各种应用提供了一个可扩展的计算引擎.
光学非线性和随机散射的结合使丰富的物理计算运算成为可能.
这种方法解决了传统计算对要求严格的科学和技术应用的局限性.

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